{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T21:40:35Z","timestamp":1776462035736,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"TotalEnergies OneTech","award":["048589-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["048589-001"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation AI Institute for Optimization at the University of California, Berkeley, USA,","award":["2112533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2112533"]}]},{"name":"National Science Foundation AI Institute for Optimization at the University of California, Berkeley, USA,","award":["TSG-01981-2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSG-01981-2024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Smart Grid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tsg.2025.3571819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T14:04:36Z","timestamp":1747922676000},"page":"3989-4003","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Electrifying Heavy-Duty Trucks: Battery-Swapping Versus Fast Charging"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3294-479X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiting","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"&#x00C9;cole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1126-8988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zaid","family":"Allybokus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TotalEnergies OneTech, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wente","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TotalEnergies OneTech, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Obrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TotalEnergies OneTech, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6393-4375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards for Heavy-Duty Vehicles-Phase 3","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Final Rule: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Standards for Heavy-Duty Vehicles\u2014Phase 3","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2018.12.017"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2024.123407"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trc.2018.01.013"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2017.01.020","article-title":"Battery degradation and behaviour for electric vehicles: Review and numerical analyses of several models","volume":"103","author":"Pelletier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Part B, Methodol."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etran.2019.100011","article-title":"Lithium-ion battery fast charging: A review","volume":"1","author":"Tomaszewska","year":"2019","journal-title":"eTransportation"},{"key":"ref8","volume-title":"Heliox: Scalable EV charging infrastructure for your e-truck fleet.","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Power your electric fleet with Kempower solutions.","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref10","volume-title":"Breakthrough for fast charging of electric trucks\u2014Volvo trucks launches new service","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref11","volume-title":"Biden-Harris Administration Announces New Standards and Major Progress for a Made-in-America National Network of Electric Vehicle Chargers","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2024.04.008"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MITS.2021.3119935"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Multiobjective optimal operation strategy for electric vehicle battery swapping station considering battery degradation","volume":"4","author":"Arora","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cleaner Energy Syst."},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Annual Report on the Development of China\u2019s Commercial Vehicle Industry","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpe.2023.109136"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etran.2022.100215"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/wevj12030144"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su10124547"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2018.2880449"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2019.2911868"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2017.2764484"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2023.3334723"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2023.4731"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.1120.1672"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2014.2331560"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APPEEC57400.2023.10561997"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2020.2993858"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2013.2278852"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2022.3232696"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cor.2014.07.003"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2020.06.012"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2016.11.009"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2022.3186931"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2024.3386609"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2023.3236329"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/ACC60939.2024.10644695"},{"key":"ref38","volume-title":"Ample\u2014Electric cars for everyone","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2015.01.072"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2013.03.044"},{"key":"ref41","volume-title":"2022 NextGen NHTS National Passenger OD Data U.S. Department of Transportation","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref42","volume-title":"Metropolitan Areas in California","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref43","volume-title":"HERE Maps API and SDK Platform Access","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2019.01.006"},{"key":"ref45","volume-title":"Massive EV batteries deliver big range\u2014And tons and tons of curb weight","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref46","volume-title":"Federal & state regulations |hours of service\u2014California| J. J. Keller\u00ae compliance network","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref47","volume-title":"Summary of hours of service regulations |FMCSA","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2022.104132"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2634-4505\/ac6442"},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"California ISO","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref51","volume-title":"Open access same-time information system OASIS\u2014California ISO","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref52","volume-title":"WattTime: Data signals overview","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609244114"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.32.4.33"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24487-w"},{"key":"ref56","volume-title":"Gurobi Optimizer Reference Manual","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ENERGYCON.2018.8398744"},{"key":"ref58","volume-title":"Lithium-ion battery pack prices rise for first time to an average of $151\/kWh.","year":"20243"},{"key":"ref59","volume-title":"Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics\u2014Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cleantechnol3020028"},{"key":"ref61","volume-title":"Transitioning to Zero-Emission Heavy-Duty Freight Vehicles","author":"Moultak","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref62","volume-title":"Estimating Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Costs Across Major U.S. Metropolitan Areas","author":"Nicholas","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cstp.2023.100969"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/ielam\/5165411\/11134545\/11010187-aam.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/5165411\/11134545\/11010187.pdf?arnumber=11010187","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:54:04Z","timestamp":1760032444000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11010187\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tsg.2025.3571819","relation":{},"ISSN":["1949-3053","1949-3061"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1949-3053","type":"print"},{"value":"1949-3061","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}