{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T16:39:28Z","timestamp":1772642368319,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,1]],"date-time":"2012-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern. A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tsmca.2011.2170416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T19:31:41Z","timestamp":1320175901000},"page":"571-583","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["A New Human Identification Method: Sclera Recognition"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliza Yingzi","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N. Luke","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward J.","family":"Delp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIT.2007.267"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IAS.2008.65"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CISP.2008.176"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/62.575997"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/358669.358692"},{"key":"ref77","author":"swets","year":"1982","journal-title":"Evaluation of Diagnostic Systems Methods from Signal Detection Theory"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2002.804287"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.1962.1057692","article-title":"Visual pattern recognition by moment invariants","volume":"8","author":"hu","year":"1962","journal-title":"IRE Trans Inf Theory"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(80)90065-6"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"1","article-title":"A new biometric modality based on conjunctival vasculature","author":"derakhshani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc ANNIE"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"970","article-title":"UBIRIS: A noisy iris image database","volume":"3617","author":"proena","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Anal Process"},{"key":"ref79","author":"masek","year":"2003","journal-title":"MATLAB Source Code for a Biometric Identification System Based on Iris Patterns"},{"key":"ref33","author":"kaufman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adler's Physiology of the Eye Clinical Application"},{"key":"ref32","author":"oyster","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Human Eye Structure and Function"},{"key":"ref31","author":"ratha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Advances in Biometrics Sensors Algorithms and Systems"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2005.209"},{"key":"ref37","author":"weale","year":"1963","journal-title":"The Aging Eye Hoeber Medical Division"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.1960.tb05417.x"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"816","article-title":"Electron microscopic studies of the elastic fiber in human sclera","volume":"11","author":"kanai","year":"1972","journal-title":"Investigative Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000307448"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.183","article-title":"Toward accurate and fast iris segmentation for iris biometrics","volume":"31","author":"he","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2008.924606"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2009.2024653"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-vis:20050213"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2003.1227990"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.140"},{"key":"ref27","author":"airey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Fouling Cleaning and Disinfection in Food Processing"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.1016"},{"key":"ref66","first-page":"285","article-title":"A threshold selection method from gray-level histograms","volume":"11","author":"otsu","year":"1975","journal-title":"Automatica"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.76"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-vis:20050032"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1637364"},{"key":"ref2","author":"du","year":"2006","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Optical Engineering"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1584050"},{"key":"ref1","author":"woodward","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biometrics Identity Assurance in the Information Age"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2011.2147307"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2332408"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00146-009-0218-1"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"52","article-title":"Near- and far-infrared imaging for vein pattern biometrics","author":"lingyu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf AVSS"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICICIC.2007.283"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/09649420510624738"},{"key":"ref25","year":"2006","journal-title":"Method and Apparatus Using Biometric Sensors for Controlling Access to a Wireless Communication Device"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.778118"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2004.827237"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.628669"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICISIP.2004.1287682"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2009.05.008"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"3977","article-title":"Fast algorithm and application of Hough transform in iris segmentation","volume":"7","author":"tian","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Mach Learn Cybern"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2006.884091"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2009.05.006"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISCSCT.2008.332"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"118","article-title":"Experiments with an improved iris segmentation algorithm","author":"liu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc AutoID"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2003.818350"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/02602280610640706"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2007.4371435"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.59","article-title":"FRVT 2006 and ICE 2006 large-scale experimental results","volume":"32","author":"phillips","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2010.2047498"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2010.2040327"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2010.2041660"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2006.873653"},{"key":"ref17","author":"mahadevan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Estimating Reliability Impact of Biometric Devices in Large Scale Applications"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2003.818349"},{"key":"ref19","author":"crihalmeanu","year":"2007","journal-title":"A protocol for multibiometric data acquisition storage and dissemination"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.849706"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"The Aurora Experimental Framework for the Performance Evaluation of Speech Recognition Systems Under Noisy Conditions","author":"pearce","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc ISCA ITRW ASR Automatic Speech Recognition Challenges for the Next Millennium"},{"key":"ref3","author":"du","year":"2008","journal-title":"Handbook of Digital Human Modeling"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2008.2007979"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1991.3.1.71"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-84882-254-2"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.244676"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2009.2033031"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2008.2007981"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1","article-title":"An Incremental Method for Accurate iris Segmentation","author":"li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc ICPR"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"505","article-title":"Automatic iris segmentation based on local areas","author":"xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc ICPR"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/78.668573"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optlaseng.2008.07.004"},{"key":"ref42","year":"0"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-01793-3_125"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2007.903540"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2006.312773"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx5\/3468\/6182955\/06065764.pdf?arnumber=6065764","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,23]],"date-time":"2021-12-23T18:40:05Z","timestamp":1640284805000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6065764\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tsmca.2011.2170416","relation":{},"ISSN":["1083-4427","1558-2426"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1083-4427","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2426","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}}}