{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T04:34:03Z","timestamp":1780720443074,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,1]],"date-time":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1351728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/USG.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Syst., Man, Cybern. C"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tsmcc.2012.2215319","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,21]],"date-time":"2012-12-21T19:04:54Z","timestamp":1356116694000},"page":"1257-1272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["A Review of Anomaly Detection in Automated Surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Angela A.","family":"Sodemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew P.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett J.","family":"Borghetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459342"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-19309-5_23"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206641"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.98"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICAL.2008.4636454"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBIO.2009.5420408"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2005.248"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDSC.2008.4635728"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2009.10.028"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2010.70"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.878"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"396","article-title":"Estimation of crowd behavior using sensor networks and sensor fusion","author":"andersson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc 12th Int Conf Inform Fusion"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12712-0_28"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DCOSSW.2010.5593287"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008159822101"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DYSPAN.2010.5457898"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577267"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2007.1042"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2009.2027608","article-title":"Advances in view-invariant human motion analysis: A review","volume":"40","author":"ji","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern C Appl Rev"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"869","article-title":"Predicting unusual right-turn driving behavior at intersection","author":"hayashi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Intell Veh Symp"},{"key":"ref100","author":"sayood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Introduction to Data Compression"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"341","article-title":"Abnormal activity recognition in office based on R transform","volume":"1","author":"wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Conf Image Process"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIT.2009.206"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDSC.2008.4635683"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MMUL.2007.3"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIDM.2007.368897"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2009.2013503"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2006.806"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.241"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MOTION.2002.1182230"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2009.5457455"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2009.65"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868677"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(02)00127-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2009.2023380"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AIPR.2008.4906450"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2004.829274"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00138-008-0152-0"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2007.367153"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2005.1577239"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2010.2042446"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2004.838461"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MLSP.2008.4685511"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2007.06.004"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3509270"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIU.2006.1659883"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2010.07.023"},{"key":"ref44","first-page":"187","article-title":"Automatic detection of anomalous behavioural events for advanced real-time video surveillance","author":"mecocci","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Int Symp Comput Intell Meas Syst Appl"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2008.919359"},{"key":"ref73","first-page":"421","article-title":"Abnormal behavior of pedestrian detection based on fuzzy theory","volume":"23","author":"zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Moshi Shibie yu Rengong Zhineng\/Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence"},{"key":"ref72","first-page":"143","article-title":"Detecting pedestrian abnormal behavior based on fuzzy associative memory","author":"zhicheng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc 4th Int Conf Nat Comput"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GMAI.2006.31"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2009.5457456"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIA.2007.4295746"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10846-008-9297-3"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSPS.2010.5555261"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIECS.2009.5364586"},{"key":"ref78","first-page":"81","article-title":"Detecting abnormal motion of pedestrian in video","author":"zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Inf Autom"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCE.2009.5174427"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1007\/11867586_81","article-title":"The OBSERVER: An intelligent and automated video surveillance system","author":"duque","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Anal Recognit"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2007.4425300"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SITIS.2007.128"},{"key":"ref63","first-page":"65","article-title":"Suspicious behavior assessment for visual surveillance using neural network classifiers","volume":"2","author":"jan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Imaging Sci Syst Technol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rti.2005.02.002"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AVSS.2010.61"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sigpro.2009.04.008"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4304\/jmm.5.4.310-321"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2009.01.034"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2008.919173"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218001409007612"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engappai.2009.08.002"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2010.88"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2008.4711868"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSNIP.2008.4761973"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDSC.2008.4635732"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"337","article-title":"Abnormal behavior recognition using self-adaptive hidden Markov models","author":"yin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Image Anal Recog"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIII.2009.506"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2010.2048428"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2009.11.011"},{"key":"ref99","first-page":"993","article-title":"Latent Dirichlet allocation","volume":"3","author":"blei","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868684"},{"key":"ref97","first-page":"577","article-title":"The infinite hidden Markov model","volume":"1","author":"beal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2006.29"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1541880.1541882"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.70731"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSNIP.2005.1595608"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2007.10.022"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICVGIP.2008.49"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2005.61"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/scj.20411"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-28633-2_125"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2010.5580797"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2009.123"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1523103.1523124"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"321","article-title":"Scene event recognition without tracking","volume":"29","author":"gong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Zidonghua Xuebao\/Acta Automatica Sinica"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1368436.1368476"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIT.2007.35"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1360\/jos180527"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1839294.1839305"},{"key":"ref86","first-page":"27","article-title":"Situation aware RFID system: Evaluating abnormal behavior detecting approach","author":"chae","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Workshop Softw Technol Future Embedded Ubiquitous Syst"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206686"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW.2008.4563039"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx5\/5326\/6330018\/06392472.pdf?arnumber=6392472","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T01:37:44Z","timestamp":1633916264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6392472\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"references-count":102,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tsmcc.2012.2215319","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-6977","1558-2442"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-6977","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2442","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}}}