{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:32:41Z","timestamp":1785893561174,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":216,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2018.2887379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T19:45:45Z","timestamp":1545162345000},"page":"2315-2334","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":166,"title":["Virtual Locomotion: A Survey"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7704-1308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majed","family":"Al Zayer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"MacNeilage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eelke","family":"Folmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref170","first-page":"231","article-title":"Chairio–the chair-based interface","author":"beckhaus","year":"2007","journal-title":"Concepts and Technologies for Pervasive Games - a Reader for Pervasive Gaming Research"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2017.7893320"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2788940.2788956"},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01417673"},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025521"},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/237091.237102"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474601750182333"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/38.799723"},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/38.708561"},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2407336.2407360"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2671015.2671121"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2007.340791"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1272582.1272590"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2657220"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2006.52"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CW.2008.53"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2012.6180877"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1140491.1140495"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474604774048225"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"123","article-title":"Redirected walking in place","author":"razzaque","year":"2002","journal-title":"Procs of 2nd Eurographics Workshop on Virtual Environment"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/364338.364339"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/97879.97898"},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2967934.2968105"},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474699566521"},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1518\/hfes.45.1.160.27234"},{"key":"ref183","first-page":"1","article-title":"The jumper metaphor: an effective navigation technique for immersive display setups","author":"bolte","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Int l Conf IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref182","first-page":"162","article-title":"Teleportation without spatial disorientation using optical flow cues","author":"bhandari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Graph Interface"},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1152399.1152441"},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/223904.223938"},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/253284.253301"},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/91385.91442"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISMAR.2012.6402542"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2503713.2503733"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-3287(01)00002-7"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"105","article-title":"Redirected walking","author":"razzaque","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Eurographics"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/pres.1992.1.2.173"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCG.2002.1046626"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Position trackers for head mounted display systems: A survey","author":"bhatnagar","year":"1993"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"527","article-title":"A cost-effective 3D interaction approach for immersive virtual reality","volume":"1","author":"chow","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Recent Trends Eng Technol"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"67","article-title":"A survey of tracking technology for virtual environments","author":"rolland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2003.1191139"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"44","article-title":"Affordable infrared-optical pose-tracking for virtual and augmented reality","author":"pintaric","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc of Trends and Issues in Tracking for Virtual Environments IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2013.88"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2659766.2661219"},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3106472"},{"key":"ref153","article-title":"Using pinch gloves (TM) for both natural and abstract interaction techniques in virtual environments","author":"bowman","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2012.6180885"},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1111360.1111370"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/147156.147201"},{"key":"ref152","first-page":"7","article-title":"Fly over, a 3D interaction technique for navigation in virtual environments independent from tracking devices","author":"boudoin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Int l Conf IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VRAIS.1993.380799"},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCG.2005.5"},{"key":"ref147","article-title":"String walker","author":"iwata","year":"2007","journal-title":"ACM Siggraph Emerging Technol"},{"key":"ref148","article-title":"Virtual environment interaction techniques","author":"mine","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2168556.2168577"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2014.6798851"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2043603.2043604"},{"key":"ref57","article-title":"Redirected walking","author":"razzaque","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2017.7892227"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"116","article-title":"Bookshelf and bird: Enabling real walking in large VR spaces","author":"yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Symp 3D User Interfaces"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3095140.3095162"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2929464.2929482"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2014.6798852"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1450579.1450612"},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2316\/P.2011.747-007"},{"key":"ref166","first-page":"171","article-title":"Traveling in 3D virtual environments with foot gestures and a multi-touch enabled WIM","author":"valkov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Int l Conf IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1145\/1450579.1450657","article-title":"Using the Wii balance board as a low-cost VR interaction device","author":"de haan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc ACM Symp Virtual Reality Softw Technol"},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-60928-7_37"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MELCON.2016.7495413"},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2009.93"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2010.5444726"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VRAIS.1997.583043"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1145\/2792790","author":"jerald","year":"2015","journal-title":"The VR Book Human-Centered Design for Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref3","author":"laviola","year":"2017","journal-title":"3D User Interfaces Theory and Practice"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"239","article-title":"Locomotion interfaces","author":"hollerbach","year":"2002","journal-title":"Handbook of Virtual Environments Design Implementation and Applications"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/b17360-16"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474698565659"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2983298.2983307"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"Exploring the effects of higher-fidelity display and interaction for virtual reality games","author":"mcmahan","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"127","article-title":"Flexible and general redirected walking for head-mounted displays","author":"zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2993369.2996327"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/311535.311589"},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIS.2017.7960051"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2012.60"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PIVE.2012.6229795"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2013.6550194"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2012.47"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1581073.1581091"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2009.4811208"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2011.289"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2011.5759455"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1836248.1836260"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2018.2793671"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2016.7504743"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2013.6549412"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2601607"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2518298"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2015.2391864"},{"key":"ref75","first-page":"10","article-title":"Towards an understanding of the effects of amplified head rotations","author":"kopper","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Workshop on Perceptual Illusions in Virtual Environments"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2008.191"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2011.5759214"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2016.7460032"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1643928.1643965"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2010.5444816"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1450579.1450611"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2009.62"},{"key":"ref65","first-page":"145","article-title":"Reorientation during body turns","author":"bruder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Virtual Reality Conf"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2011.275"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2492494.2492514"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2931002.2931018"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2016.7504752"},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/253284.253319"},{"key":"ref198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1507149.1507151"},{"key":"ref199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1982185.1982454"},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/258734.258747"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2993369.2993391"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2006.47"},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2009.4811207"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2492494.2492512"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2010325.2010329"},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2006.106"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2011.5759456"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/147156.147182"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GRC.2011.6122623"},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/pres.1995.4.4.403"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1027933.1027948"},{"key":"ref90","article-title":"Virtual locomotion interface with ground surface simulation","author":"bouguila","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Artif Reality Telexistence"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2012.6180876"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2008.4476598"},{"key":"ref96","first-page":"29","article-title":"Wearable locomotion interface using walk-in-place in real space (WARP) for distributed multi-user walk-through application","author":"fujita","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Virtual Reality Workshop"},{"key":"ref97","article-title":"New simple virtual walking method-walking on the spot","author":"yan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Immersive Projection Technology"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2013.28"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"4:1","article-title":"Evaluation of locomotion techniques for room-scale VR. joystick, teleportation, and redirected walking","author":"langbehn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Int l Conf IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7091-9433-1_12"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2014.34"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2010.5444752"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2002.996544"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789814350938_0005"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2013.6550193"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2015.7131725"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2016.7460040"},{"key":"ref200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2014.7027325"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-40477-1_23"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2010.5444812"},{"key":"ref209","author":"lavalle","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SVR.2011.30"},{"key":"ref204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2668405"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2016.7460033"},{"key":"ref202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2017.7892228"},{"key":"ref207","first-page":"125","article-title":"Body centred interaction in immersive virtual environments","volume":"1","author":"slater","year":"1994","journal-title":"Artificial Life and Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref208","article-title":"Real-walking models improve walking-in-place systems","author":"wendt","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.31274\/rtd-180813-14259","article-title":"A new taxonomy for locomotion in virtual environments","author":"arns","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39516-6_4"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCE.2017.7889284"},{"key":"ref210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3009939.3010076"},{"key":"ref212","first-page":"290","article-title":"The gait sensing disc-a compact locomotion device for the virtual environment","author":"huang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Central Eur Comput Graph Vis Interactive Digit Media"},{"key":"ref213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.1999.756964"},{"key":"ref214","first-page":"31","article-title":"Comparing isometric and elastic surfboard interfaces for leaning-based travel in 3D virtual environments","author":"wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Symp 3D User Interfaces"},{"key":"ref215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-39907-2_6"},{"key":"ref216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3139131.3139133"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICORR.2005.1501156"},{"key":"ref126","first-page":"1293","article-title":"Design specifications for the second generation sarcos treadport locomotion interface","author":"hollerbach","year":"2000","journal-title":"ASME Dyn Syst Contr"},{"key":"ref125","first-page":"405","article-title":"A new approach for canceling turning motion in the locomotion interface, ATLAS","author":"miyasato","year":"1999","journal-title":"ASME Dyn Syst Contr"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/38.799737"},{"key":"ref129","first-page":"3","article-title":"The ball array treadmill: A locomotion interface for virtual worlds","author":"nagamori","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc of IEEE Virtual Reality Workshop on New Directions in 3D User Interfaces"},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2003.808822"},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WHC.2007.1"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HAPTIC.2003.1191241"},{"key":"ref134","first-page":"170","article-title":"The terrain surface simulator ALF (alive! floor)","author":"sugihara","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Artif Reality Telexistence"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2043603.2043607"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0119398"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2002.1013422"},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2000.840501"},{"key":"ref138","first-page":"61","article-title":"Locomotion interface on a virtual plane","author":"wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Laval Virtual"},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.1997.606744"},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2001.913779"},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2004.1404341"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0278364906067373"},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2010.5444717"},{"key":"ref143","first-page":"81","article-title":"Navigation in a virtual environment using a walking interface","author":"grant","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc RTO Human Factors Med Workshop"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2016.00074"},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VRAIS.1996.490511"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474699566512"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/903893.903929"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1889863.1889867"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2017.7893354"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2804408.2804416"},{"key":"ref106","first-page":"261","article-title":"iphone\/ipod touch as input devices for navigation in immersive virtual environments","author":"kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85412-8_6"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2671015.2671113"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2014.21"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2017.03.006"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2016.7504754"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/210079.210084"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858084"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2004.1310068"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DUI.2007.340788"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2009.4811037"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2465780.2465785"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1502800.1502805"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"3","article-title":"Comparing the performance of natural, semi-natural, and non-natural locomotion techniques in virtual reality","author":"nabiyouni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Symp 3D User Interfaces"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154193120805202704"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3013971.3014010"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1476589.1476686"},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13544-6_6"},{"key":"ref18","year":"0"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474601750182289"},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2522628.2522655"},{"key":"ref114","first-page":"55","article-title":"An evaluation of navigational ability comparing redirected free exploration with distractors to walking-in-place and joystick locomotio interfaces","author":"peck","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc IEEE Virtual Reality"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2983310.2989197"},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VR.2017.7892303"},{"key":"ref115","first-page":"55","article-title":"Comparing virtual trajectories made in slalom using walking-in-place and joystick techniques","author":"terziman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Virtual Reality Conf"},{"key":"ref120","first-page":"9","article-title":"Walkthrougha dynamic graphics system for simulating virtual buildings","author":"brooks","year":"1987","journal-title":"Proc ACM Workshop on Interaction 3D Graphics"},{"key":"ref121","article-title":"Final technical report: Walkthrough project","author":"brooks","year":"1992","journal-title":"National Science Foundation Report"},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/263407.263550"},{"key":"ref123","article-title":"Improvements in the omni-directional treadmill: Summary report and recommendations for future development","author":"crowell","year":"2006"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/2945\/9082800\/08580399.pdf?arnumber=8580399","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T08:09:50Z","timestamp":1694506190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8580399\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]},"references-count":216,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tvcg.2018.2887379","relation":{},"ISSN":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1077-2626","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0506","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2160-9306","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]]}}}