{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T16:14:18Z","timestamp":1782317658032,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023R1A2C200520911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023R1A2C200520911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Visual. Comput. Graphics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2023.3327187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T17:59:41Z","timestamp":1699034381000},"page":"781-791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["<i>Classes are Not Clusters<\/i>: Improving Label-Based Evaluation of Dimensionality Reduction"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Hyeon","family":"Jeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1891-8993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun-Hsin","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6321-5242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u00ebl","family":"Aupetit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8086-0366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kwan-Liu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Davis, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7734-822X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinwook","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul National University, South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2021.3104879"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2006.11.018"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2669557.2669578"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TopoInVis57755.2022.00014"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TopoInVis57755.2022.00014"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2004.04.009"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VAST.2014.7042500"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4314"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.153.3731.34"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Measures of clustering quality: A working set of axioms for clustering","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","volume":"21","author":"Ben-David"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-49257-7_15"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2669557.2669559"},{"key":"ref13","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Automatic selection of t-sne perplexity"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-13672-6_13"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10208-011-9098-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","first-page":"5845","article-title":"Robust topological inference: Distance to a measure and kernel distance","volume":"18","author":"Chazal","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"13214","article-title":"Steering distortions to preserve classes and neighbors in supervised dimensionality reduction","volume-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems","volume":"33","author":"Colange"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.1979.4766909"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2019.2944182"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0005313400510062"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2014.2330617"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2014.07.071"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1","article-title":"On using class-labels in evaluation of clusterings","volume-title":"MultiClust: 1st international workshop on discovering, summarizing and using multiple clusterings held in conjunction with KDD","author":"F\u00e4rber","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2007.1037"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PacificVis56936.2023.00021"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Proxilens: Interactive exploration of high-dimensional data using projections","volume-title":"EuroVis Workshop on Visual Analytics using Multidimensional Projections","author":"Heulot"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2021.3114833"},{"key":"ref28","volume-title":"Sanity check for external clustering validation benchmarks using internal validation measures","author":"Jeon","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2021.3114833"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VIS54862.2022.00025"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.2021.1886106"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2011.220"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1963.10500845"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2745085"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/VIS54862.2022.00024"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2833157.2833162"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-39351-3"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2011.04.056"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIDM.2014.7008663"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2010.01835.x"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2007.891682"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDM.2010.35"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCB.2012.2220543"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2014.01.006"},{"key":"ref45","author":"McInnes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Umap: Uniform manifold approximation and projection for dimension reduction"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"7045","article-title":"Topological autoencoders","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning, vol. 119 of Proceedings of Machine Learning Research","author":"Moor"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2014.09.063"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-00801-7"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Columbia object image library (coil-20)","author":"Nene","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2018.2846735"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"2825","article-title":"Scikit-leam: Machine learning in python","volume":"12","author":"Pedregosa","year":"2011","journal-title":"the Journal of machine Learning research"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12878"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2022.3189883"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2020.3030365"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-0427(87)90125-7"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.12632"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2013.153"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2012.03125.x"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2009.01467.x"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03610927408827101"},{"issue":"86","key":"ref61","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-sne","volume":"9","author":"van der Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2006.05.014"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref63","first-page":"451","article-title":"Information retrieval perspective to nonlinear dimensionality reduction for data visualization","volume":"11","author":"Venna","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1553374.1553511"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2701829"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23915\/distill.00002"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2017.2745258"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1557019.1557115"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2022.3209423"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2021.3114694"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.646936"},{"key":"ref72","volume-title":"Fashion-mnist: a novel image dataset for benchmarking machine learning algorithms","author":"Xiao","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109442"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3372454.3372481"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/2945\/10373160\/10308618.pdf?arnumber=10308618","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T19:08:50Z","timestamp":1743793730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10308618\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tvcg.2023.3327187","relation":{},"ISSN":["1077-2626","1941-0506","2160-9306"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1077-2626","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-0506","type":"electronic"},{"value":"2160-9306","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}}}