{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:04:12Z","timestamp":1784592252227,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013114","name":"China National Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFA1000500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFA1000500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013114","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013114","name":"China National Key Research and Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFB2904804"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFB2904804"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013114","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62331023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62331023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62101492"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62101492"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62394292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62394292"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20158"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["LR22F010002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR22F010002"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["2024C01033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024C01033"]}]},{"name":"Zhejiang University Global Partnership Fund"},{"name":"Ministry of Education (MOE), Singapore, through its MOE Tier 2","award":["MOE-T2EP50220-0019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOE-T2EP50220-0019"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001348","name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M22L1b0110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M22L1b0110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2024.3435844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T18:30:31Z","timestamp":1722969031000},"page":"15973-15986","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Electromagnetic Hybrid Beamforming for Holographic MIMO Communications"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Ran","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8398-8437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongwen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3151-1690","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7431-8121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei E. I.","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4250-7315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linglong","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6227-2138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiguang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technology Innovation Institute, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2346-6228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoyang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9307-2120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chau","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Jurong West, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8941-8080","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e9rouane","family":"Debbah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU 6G Research Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design","author":"Balanis","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2010.05.091020"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2014.2334278"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2016.2523903"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2016.2549418"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEECONF44664.2019.9048966"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3000876"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref8","first-page":"35","article-title":"An approach to the problem of optimum directive antenna design","volume":"53","author":"Uzkov","year":"1946","journal-title":"Comp. Rendus (Doklady) de l\u2019Academie des Sci. de l\u2019URSS"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISITA.2008.4895614"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsp.2019.06.007"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/jiee-2.1953.0204"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/URSI-EMTS.2010.5637322"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2021.3070686"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEEECONF44664.2019.9048753"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC45855.2022.9838533"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"A superdirective beamforming approach with impedance coupling and field coupling for compact antenna arrays","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2302.08203"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Superdirectivity-enhanced wireless communications: A multi-user perspective","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2307.06958"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.1900534"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Towards 6G MIMO: Massive spatial multiplexing, dense arrays, and interplay between electromagnetics and processing","author":"Bj\u00f6rnson","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2401.02844"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/comst.2023.3309529"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2022.3183445"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2023.3234003"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2022.3209570"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsac.2024.3389126"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3266298"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJAP.2023.3245667"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3155548"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2022.3206910"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LCOMM.2022.3151801"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2830653"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3050826"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2022.3196834"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/JCIN.2020.9306015"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2013.052013.120440"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GCWkshps56602.2022.10008653"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APS.2004.1330259"},{"key":"ref37","volume-title":"Fast Spherical Near-Field Antenna Measurement Methods","author":"Cornelius","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1715038"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6028\/jres.064D.003"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-map.2014.0274"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511807213"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2014.011714.130846"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2010.2042415"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIT.2011.6033942"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2014.2365813"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2022.3208629"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3061159"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2023.3319539"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2901066"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2018.2832128"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSIP49896.2020.9339375"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2019.2912378"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2024.3402102"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2013.090513.120848"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2018.2843786"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CAMSAP58249.2023.10403506"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PROC.1981.12171"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/8.496253"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2023.3288244"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3064069"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2010.936019"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S1052623497325107"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008677427361"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/9781107297340"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9780898718829"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2014.2354312"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2016.2520912"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.1964.1138237"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511804441"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/7693\/10750505\/10628002.pdf?arnumber=10628002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:14:59Z","timestamp":1732666499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10628002\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/twc.2024.3435844","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-1276","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2248","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}}}