{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T16:39:37Z","timestamp":1783096777659,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2024YFE0200700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFE0200700"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62201504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62201504"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Intelligent Network Optimization Algorithms at the Edge","award":["ZFKY20250912001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZFKY20250912001"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62172234"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172234"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Swedish Research Council (VR), Excellence Center at Link\u00f6ping-Lund in Information Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["101192080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101192080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/twc.2025.3631503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T18:47:30Z","timestamp":1763491650000},"page":"7443-7457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rethinking Federated Learning Over the Air: The Blessing of Scaling Up"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6248-9795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiaqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University\/University of Illinois Urbana&#x2013;Champaign Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bikramjit","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Systems and Design, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Tampines, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8728-2757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Pappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Link&#x00F6;ping University, Link&#x00F6;ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0256-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Howard H.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang University\/University of Illinois Urbana&#x2013;Champaign Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/WiOpt66569.2025.11123201"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1273","article-title":"Communication-efficient learning of deep networks from decentralized data","volume-title":"Proc. 20th Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Statist.","author":"McMahan"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2020.2975749"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.001.1900461"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2946245"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2961673"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2020.2989580"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.2974748"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2007.904785"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2024.3486169"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2021.3139231"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2024.3352405"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.004.2200913"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.2993703"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3012287"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2021.3126060"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2022.3180807"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2022.3175887"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2023.3283790"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3065920"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2023.3302335"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-63076-8_2"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"16937","article-title":"Inverting gradients\u2014How easy is it to break privacy in federated learning?","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. (NeurIPS)","author":"Geiping"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2017.41"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIT44484.2020.9174426"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM42002.2020.9322199"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3036948"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3078783"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGCN.2022.3173420"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2006.256985"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3133956.3133982"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56553\/popets-2023-0030"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/9781601988195"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2020.2988575"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2016.2584610"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2976749.2978308"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2022.3231088"},{"key":"ref38","first-page":"1","article-title":"On the convergence of FedAvg on non-IID data","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Learn. Represent.","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2021.3090323"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIT.2004.833345"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471200611"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2020.3039309"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Learning multiple layers of features from tiny images","author":"Krizhevsky","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2017.7966217"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Measuring the effects of non-identical data distribution for federated visual classification","author":"Harry Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"arXiv:1909.06335"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"531","article-title":"Mutual information neural estimation","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Belghazi"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.00994"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"5650","article-title":"Byzantine-robust distributed learning: Towards optimal statistical rates","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Yin"},{"key":"ref50","volume-title":"Numerical Optimization","author":"Nocedal","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fmre.2024.01.011"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLCN64995.2025.11140494"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00440-013-0510-3"},{"key":"ref54","first-page":"1895","article-title":"Sub-sampled cubic regularization for non-convex optimization","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Mach. Learn.","volume":"70","author":"K\u00f6hler"},{"key":"ref55","article-title":"An extension of McDiarmid\u2019s inequality","author":"Combes","year":"2015","journal-title":"arXiv:1511.05240"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"4519","article-title":"Tighter theory for local SGD on identical and heterogeneous data","volume-title":"Proc. Int. Conf. Artif. Intell. Stat. (AISTATS)","author":"Khaled"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/7693\/11298242\/11258588.pdf?arnumber=11258588","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:10:01Z","timestamp":1768255801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11258588\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":56,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/twc.2025.3631503","relation":{},"ISSN":["1536-1276","1558-2248"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1536-1276","type":"print"},{"value":"1558-2248","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}