{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T07:16:02Z","timestamp":1775200562119,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774051200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/vr67842.2026.00038","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T19:48:15Z","timestamp":1775159295000},"page":"151-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sharing The Load: Influence of Cognitive Load Visualization on Social Presence in Collaborative Virtual Reality"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Kimmel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"OFFIS – Institute for Information Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam Alizadeh","family":"Sani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oldenburg"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonah-No\u00ebl","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OFFIS – Institute for Information Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Kutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OFFIS – Institute for Information Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Landwehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OFFIS – Institute for Information Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilko","family":"Heuten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"OFFIS – Institute for Information Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2021.3067783"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-531-18939-0"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0895-4356(00)00314-0"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Defining and measuring social presence: Contribution to the Networked Minds Theory and Measure","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Workshop on Presence","author":"Biocca"},{"key":"ref5","author":"Biocca","year":"2003","journal-title":"Guide to the Networked Minds Social Presence Inventory v. 1.2: Measures of co-presence, social presence, subjective symmetry, and intersubjective symmetry"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474603322761270"},{"key":"ref7","article-title":"The Networked Minds Measure of Social Presence: Pilot Test of the Factor Structure and Concurrent Validity","volume-title":"4th annual International Workshop on Presence, Philadelphia","author":"Biocca"},{"key":"ref8","article-title":"Semi-structured qualitative studies","volume-title":"The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Blandford","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/13620-004"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/vr50410.2021.00090"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-014-0772-5"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s1532690xci0804_2"},{"key":"ref13","journal-title":"Social participation scale"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"The multi-attribute task battery for human operator workload and strategic behavior research","volume-title":"Technical Report NAS 1.15:104174","author":"Comstock","year":"1992"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.279.1.r1"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3706598.3713316"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1534582304267187"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3026028"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173856"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3472749.3474784"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Regulation (EU) 2024\/1689 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act)","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-019-09464-6"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781529770278"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10447318.2018.1456150"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metip.2023.100120"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781003320609-59"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"10","volume-title":"Emotional Intelligence: Why It Can Matter More than IQ","author":"Goleman","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822x05279903"},{"key":"ref29","author":"Handley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Designing Social VR: A Collection of Design Choices Across Commercial and Research Applications"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/27784403"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"7","article-title":"Internal Consistency and Reliability of the Networked Minds Measure of Social Presence","volume-title":"Seventh Annual International Workshop: Presence","author":"Harms"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2006.11.018"},{"key":"ref33","first-page":"77","article-title":"Community matters: Social presence and learning outcomes","volume":"13","author":"Hostetter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning"},{"key":"ref34","year":"2019","journal-title":"ISO 9241-210:2019 Ergonomics of human-system interaction \u2014 Part 210: Human-centred design for interactive systems"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2019.01.005"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12107"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-60566-048-6.ch002"},{"key":"ref38","article-title":"Technikaffinit\u00e4t erfassen \u2013 der Fragebogen TA-EG","volume":"29","author":"Karrer-Gau\u03b2","year":"2009","journal-title":"ZMMS Spektrum"},{"key":"ref39","article-title":"Social participation and cardiovascular stress-response adaptation: Evidence for enhanced stress tolerance","author":"Keogh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Preprint, Preprints"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3544548.3580707"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3686910"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-021-09623-8"},{"key":"ref43","volume-title":"Qualitative Sozialforschung: mit Online-Material","volume":"6","author":"Lamnek","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2006.01697.x"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40869-018-0053-z"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frvir.2024.1417066"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732315617444"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315642956"},{"key":"ref49","volume-title":"Silent Messages: Implicit Communication of Emotions and Attitudes","author":"Mehrabian","year":"1981"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"Virtual Reality\u2019s Missing Element: Other People","author":"Metz","journal-title":"MIT Technology Review, 14.06.17"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tvcg.2022.3203120"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2023.103165"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2018.00114"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511844744.001"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mti7020020"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3461778.3462111"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ismar-adjunct57072.2022.00137"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.1990.10475712"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025602"},{"key":"ref60","article-title":"HP Omnicept cognitive load database (HPO-CLD)\u2013developing a multi-modal inference engine for detecting real-time mental workload in VR","author":"Siegel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Technical report, Technical Report"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2010.11.015"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173863"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.705448"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.113548"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15516709cog1202_4"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46743\/2160-3715\/2010.1178"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3395035.3425203"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/1518\/1\/012032"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/vr59515.2025.00098"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3613904.3642876"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7748\/ns2008.02.22.23.35.c6420"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1978963"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419249.3420112"}],"event":{"name":"2026 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)","location":"Daegu, Korea, Republic of","start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]}},"container-title":["2026 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11457486\/11456944\/11457541.pdf?arnumber=11457541","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T05:02:05Z","timestamp":1775192525000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11457541\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]},"references-count":73,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/vr67842.2026.00038","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]]}}}