{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T07:58:26Z","timestamp":1782374306370,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,1]],"date-time":"2013-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/jestpe.2013.2280428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,20]],"date-time":"2013-09-20T18:03:15Z","timestamp":1379700195000},"page":"174-185","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":490,"title":["Trends in Wind Turbine Generator Systems"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Henk","family":"Polinder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Abraham","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bogi Bech","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asger B.","family":"Abrahamsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kais","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"McMahon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.2.158"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.1.51"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2010.2099133"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2005.845526"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2013.2243372"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2009.2017082"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2008.2005279"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2010.2058133"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2010.2046492"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2006.10.008"},{"key":"ref28","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref27","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref29","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref20","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref22","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref21","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref24","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref23","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref26","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref25","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2010.2048713"},{"key":"ref51","author":"shrestha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Structural flexibility of large direct drive generators for wind turbines"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rpg:20070071"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/we.484"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/we.543"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"1108","article-title":"Transverse flux machines for sustainable development?Road transportation and power generation","author":"svechkarenko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc 7th Int Conf PEDS"},{"key":"ref55","author":"bang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Design of Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Machines for Large Direct-drive Wind Turbines"},{"key":"ref54","author":"dubois","year":"2004","journal-title":"Optimized permanent magnet generator topologies for direct drive wind turbines"},{"key":"ref53","author":"hystad","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transverse flux generators in direct-driven wind energy converters"},{"key":"ref52","first-page":"1107","article-title":"Achievable force densities for permanent magnet machines in new configurations","author":"weh","year":"1986","journal-title":"Proc Int Conf Electr Mach"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2013.2238679"},{"key":"ref4","author":"spinato","year":"2008","journal-title":"The reliability of wind turbines"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/PBRN013E"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/we.357"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rpg.2008.0060"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reliability and availability of wind turbine electrical and electronic components","volume":"20","author":"tavner","year":"2011","journal-title":"EPE J"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/we.1552"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.2936235"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMDC.2009.5075278"},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"46","article-title":"Design of wind turbines drive train based on CVT","volume":"1","author":"miltenovi?","year":"2011","journal-title":"Balkan Journal of Mechanical Transmissions (BJMT)"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PEMWA.2009.5208399"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INREC.2010.5462549"},{"key":"ref47","author":"diepeveen","year":"2013","journal-title":"On fluid power transmission for offshore wind turbines"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMDC.2007.382744"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2008.921379"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.86.18"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMDC.2011.5994899"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2009.2036507"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-epa:20045106"},{"key":"ref71","year":"2012","journal-title":"Industrialization of a 3 MW Medium-Speed Brushless DFIG Drivetrain for Wind Turbine Applications"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMDC.2007.383650"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2009.2018974"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PES.2007.386069"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2005.847319"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2008.2001509"},{"key":"ref78","author":"r fair","year":"0"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASC.2010.2100341"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECCE.2011.6063976"},{"key":"ref62","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref61","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref63","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-epa:20041084"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECCE.2010.5617705"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-epa:20050289"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/cp.2012.0322"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/28.293713"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/08IAS.2008.76"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rpg.2008.0070"},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119994367"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIE.2011.5984368"},{"key":"ref94","first-page":"345","article-title":"A 50 kW integrated fault tolerant permanent magnet machine and motor drive","author":"wolmarans","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc IEEE PESC"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/07IAS.2007.205"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EPEPEMC.2012.6397512"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2010.5674975"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2008.921191"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2012.2237413"},{"key":"ref96","first-page":"247","article-title":"A transformerless generator-converter concept making feasible a 100 kV light weight offshore wind turbine: Part I?The generator","author":"olsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc IEEE ECCE"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIAS.2012.2192231"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rpg.2010.0191"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.1.3"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.1.30"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2010.2103910"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.2.139"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1260\/0309524041590099"},{"key":"ref82","article-title":"Review of superconducting generator topologies for direct-drive wind turbines","volume":"23","author":"qu","year":"2013","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Appl Supercond"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1080\/09398368.2005.11463604","article-title":"Basic operation principles and electrical conversion systems of wind turbines","volume":"15","author":"polinder","year":"2005","journal-title":"EPE J"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4801449"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2006.875476"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470877890.ch9"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PES.2011.6039342"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.2.219"},{"key":"ref19","year":"2013","journal-title":"International Wind Energy Development?World Market Update 2012"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physc.2011.05.217"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ECCE.2012.6342446"},{"key":"ref85","first-page":"1","article-title":"High temperature superconducting generators for direct drive wind turbines: A review","author":"kostopoulos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Eur Wind Energy Assoc Conf"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2011.2181290"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.1.80"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857097491.1.106"}],"container-title":["IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/6245517\/6605654\/06588570.pdf?arnumber=6588570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T20:26:04Z","timestamp":1638217564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/6588570\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jestpe.2013.2280428","relation":{},"ISSN":["2168-6777","2168-6785"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2168-6777","type":"print"},{"value":"2168-6785","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}}}