{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T18:12:54Z","timestamp":1774721574526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under the Malaysia International Scholarship"},{"name":"FCT\/MCTES (PIDDAC) &#x2013; Portugal under the Associate Laboratory Advanced Production and Intelligent Systems","award":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LA\/P\/0112\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Base Funding","award":["UIDB\/00147\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDB\/00147\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Programmatic Funding","award":["UIDP\/00147\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/00147\/2020"]}]},{"name":"R&amp;D Unit Center for Systems and Technologies &#x2013; SYSTEC"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Open J. Power Electron."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/ojpel.2024.3376086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T19:57:52Z","timestamp":1710791872000},"page":"414-435","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Review of Active Thermal Control for Power Electronics: Potentials, Limitations, and Future Trends"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1225-2013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anas","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2290-998X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2260-1697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamad","family":"Kamarol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3193-9278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Systec, Research Center of Systems and Technology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3903-1133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Khairunaz Mat","family":"Desa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2022.3214320"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2020.3031041"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tia.2019.2920470"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIE.2018.2825481"},{"key":"ref5","article-title":"Analysis of power losses and lifetime for the inverter in electric vehicles using variable voltage control and variable switching frequency modified PWM","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2014.2358555"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2665697"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jestpe.2019.2951801"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpel.2021.3117917"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/oajpe.2020.3029229"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/epe21ecceeurope50061.2021.9570595"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tia.2019.2947227"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpel.2022.3201532"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/elp2.12146"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2022.3154488"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2018.2806622"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/apec.2018.8341539"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2017.2733426"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2013.2240644"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2023.3270530"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2015.7392925"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2018.2882184"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2023.3253165"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2021.3067782"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/electronics9122068"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2015.12.017"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3308523"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2021.3103812"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2019.2898847"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24295\/CPSSTPEA.2017.00011"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2021.3131561"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2749383"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2021.3108729"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2014.2299765"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJPEL.2022.3216214"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJPEL.2021.3057577"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2935249"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2908593"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIE.2020.2975049"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIE.2014.2312427"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2017.2772198"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2015.2464714"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JEDS.2021.3125829"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2020.3009202"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2021.3112337"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"Methodology for thermal modeling, monitoring and control of power electronic modules","author":"van der Broeck","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2015.2418711"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00051144.2011.11828429"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2021.3063305"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2010.2040634"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tia.2020.3001524"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jestie.2020.2999598"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tia.2019.2918049"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2018.2889626"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpel.2018.2819423"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tia.2020.2993526"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tpel.2022.3225930"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2017.2710038"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2942044"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2020.2991646"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2021.3076019"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2016.01.020"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2021.3135273"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2018.07.034"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2020.3026782"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2020.113720"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2021.3090839"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2022.3183029"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2018.2878694"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2015.2451158"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2013.2254099"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTIE.2020.3014821"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2020.3035189"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/pel2.12177"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2017.2694455"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2014.2332754"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2016.2549503"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJPEL.2020.3014443"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISIEA49364.2020.9188096"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2014.2306093"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2022.3231867"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ITEC.2015.7165805"},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2022.3164086"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2981996"},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2956384"},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2020.3040991"},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2022.3189329"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3049293"},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2021.3119891"},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2022.3192696"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2931780"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2947837"},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2019.2933514"},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2013.2267511"},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJPEL.2021.3078416"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2018.2868304"},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIE.2021.3080232"},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2020.3000121"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2019.2956383"},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/OJPEL.2021.3063550"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3056612"},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.microrel.2014.07.069"},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2021.3127038"},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jestpe.2023.3306156"},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mvt.2021.3112943"},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2020.3024862"},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2962503"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TTE.2019.2892807"},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JESTPE.2021.3119590"},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2018.2860587"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2023.3270640"},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2017.2733468"},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2021.3050361"},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2020.3002670"}],"container-title":["IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/8782709\/10366862\/10470388.pdf?arnumber=10470388","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:08:54Z","timestamp":1732666134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10470388\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024]]},"references-count":114,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ojpel.2024.3376086","relation":{},"ISSN":["2644-1314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2644-1314","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}}}