{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T06:33:32Z","timestamp":1770964412671,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62276207"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62276207"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/tim.2026.3659673","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T21:02:34Z","timestamp":1769806954000},"page":"1-20","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Point Cloud-Based Multiscale Fusion Segmentation Model for Surface Pore Structures in 3-D Printed Concrete"],"prefix":"10.1109","volume":"75","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0942-9052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zongfang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6899-3873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Borong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2064-4974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruixiang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5159-1402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingkai","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty 5, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-1777-2480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bohao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Criminology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2923-7618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haozheng","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K."}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1406-1643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Information and Control Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7201-1011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wuqiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K."}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2020.121745"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"11","article-title":"Influencing factors and control measures of concrete 3D printing quality","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Concrete World"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addma.2022.103137"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.006"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICMLC.2018.8527035"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104613"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2022.3184351"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2023.110277"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2021.103995"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2020.103206"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S2811032324400010"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.01393"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2019.00651"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52688.2022.01871"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20086-1_38"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"28223","article-title":"Contrast with reconstruct: Contrastive 3D representation learning guided by generative pretraining","volume-title":"Proc. Intl. Conf. Mach. Learn.","author":"Qi"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Mamba: Linear-time sequence modeling with selective state spaces","author":"Gu","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv:2312.00752"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"Efficiently modeling long sequences with structured state spaces","author":"Gu","year":"2021","journal-title":"arXiv:2111.00396"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"DenseMamba: State space models with dense hidden connection for efficient large language models","author":"He","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2403.00818"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Can mamba learn how to learn? A comparative study on in-context learning tasks","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2402.04248"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-3273"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3325447"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2023.3298391"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2024.3400345"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref26","first-page":"11","article-title":"Research on intelligent detection method of 3D printed concrete interface pore","volume":"32","author":"Zeng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin. J. Eng. Design"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12223796"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21010201"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ndteint.2013.11.001"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s141019307"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aei.2015.01.008"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2020.3005434"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2017.11.010"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-20873-8_44"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2018.1431840"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2019.2896310"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2015.7353481"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-339-2017"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2021.103874"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s18061881"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2514387"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"12","article-title":"Concrete surface defect detection using deep neural network based on LiDAR scanning","volume-title":"Proc. CSCE Annual Conf.","author":"Nasrollahi"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12061005"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12223757"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stc.2591"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22260\/isarc2021\/0053"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5220\/0010207908910900"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse9010005"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2021.103992"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/JCCEE5.CPENG-5009"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobe.2023.106391"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104667"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2023.104915"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tust.2023.105480"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"652","article-title":"PointNet: Deep learning on point sets for 3D classification and segmentation","volume-title":"Proc. IEEE Conf. Comput. Vis. Pattern Recognit. (CVPR)","author":"Qi"},{"key":"ref56","first-page":"5105","article-title":"PointNet++: Deep hierarchical feature learning on point sets in a metric space","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Qi"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/rs12111729"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3326362"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00985"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"828","article-title":"PointCNN: Convolution on X-transformed points","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"31","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00571"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WACV57701.2024.00352"},{"key":"ref63","article-title":"An image is worth 16\u00d716 words: Transformers for image recognition at scale","author":"Dosovitskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2010.11929"},{"key":"ref64","article-title":"Visual transformers: Token-based image representation and processing for computer vision","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv:2006.03677"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41095-021-0229-5"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01595"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR42600.2020.01009"},{"key":"ref68","first-page":"33330","article-title":"Point transformer v2: Grouped vector attention and partition-based pooling","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Wu"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52733.2024.00463"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"572","article-title":"Combining recurrent, convolutional, and continuous-time models with linear state space layers","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. neural Inf. Process. Syst.","volume":"34","author":"Gu"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-1026"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi8120527"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.measurement.2017.05.032"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-1567.2010.00644.x"},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/9780784479117.031"},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/JCCEE5.CPENG-5041"},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104163"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autcon.2022.104668"},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cscm.2024.e03077"},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)CP.1943-5487.0000415"},{"key":"ref81","article-title":"Vision Mamba: Efficient visual representation learning with bidirectional state space model","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"arXiv:2401.09417"},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-20086-1_35"},{"key":"ref83","first-page":"29667","article-title":"PointGPT: Auto-regressively generative pre-training from point clouds","volume-title":"Proc. Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst.","author":"Chen"},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v39i10.33098"}],"container-title":["IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/19\/11329398\/11369299.pdf?arnumber=11369299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T05:49:21Z","timestamp":1770961761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11369299\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":84,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tim.2026.3659673","relation":{},"ISSN":["0018-9456","1557-9662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0018-9456","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}}}