{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:07:31Z","timestamp":1787501251497,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":853,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Protein Science"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The toxic complex of anthrax is formed when the monomeric protective antigen (PA) (83 kDa), while bound to its cell\u2010surface receptor, is first converted to PA63 heptamers (PA63h) following N\u2010terminal proteolytic cleavage, and then lethal (LF) (90 kDa) or edema factor (EF) binds to the heptamer. We report a \u201cpseudoatomic\u201d model for the complex of PA63h and full\u2010length LF determined by applying the normal\u2010mode flexible fitting procedure to a \u223c18 \u00c5 cryo\u2010electron microscopy (EM) density map of the complex. The model describes the interacting surface that buries a total area of \u223c10,140 \u00c5\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    comprising \u223c40% charged, and \u223c30% each of polar and hydrophobic residues. For the heptamer, the buried surface, composed of \u223c110 residues, involves primarily three monomers and includes for two, similar stretches of the polypeptide chain from domain 1. For LF, the interface again involves \u223c110 residues, mostly from the N\u2010terminal domain I (LF\n                    <jats:sub>N<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and the structurally homologous C\u2010terminal domain IV. Most interestingly, bound LF displays a marked conformational change resulting from a \u201ccollapse\u201d of domains I, III, and IV on domain II, with the largest movement of \u223c9 \u00c5 noted for domain I. On the other hand, primarily, rigid\u2010body movements, larger than \u223c10 \u00c5 for three PA63 monomers, cause the hourglass\u2010shaped heptamer lumen to enlarge by as much as \u223c50% near the middle of the molecule. Such concerted structural rearrangements in LF and the heptamer can facilitate ingress of the ligand into the heptamer lumen prior to unfolding and release through the PA63h channel formed in the acidic late endosomal membrane.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.062293906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]],"date-time":"2006-08-30T18:12:48Z","timestamp":1156961568000},"page":"2190-2200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Model of the toxic complex of anthrax: Responsive conformational changes in both the lethal factor and the protective antigen heptamer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Florence","family":"Tama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Charles L.","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alok K.","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(01)76033-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-0278(97)00024-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1998.2371"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.22.12531"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi972657b"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/n35101999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.540040211"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.235.4787.458"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1110\/ps.03154503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2002.5438"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.8.4477-4484.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.062160399"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(02)00562-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physchem.52.1.233"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bip.360340608"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi000310u"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmgm.2003.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35018597"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(03)00427-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.12.3696"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.22.12059"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2000.4099"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.2001.4633"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2004.09.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109997200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0405405101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508259102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9780898719628"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20607","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)32036-7","article-title":"Anthrax protective antigen forms oligomers during intoxication of mammalian\u2010cells","volume":"269","author":"Milne J.C.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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