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Different types of growth factors, cytokines and chemokines secreted by the surrounding stromal cells are thought to play key roles in solid tumor progression. Accumulating evidence indicates that the immunological milieu plays an essential role in tumor development, not only in solid tumors, but also in hematopoietic malignancies. Understanding the interactions between tumor cells and microenvironment in mycosis fungoides (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MF<\/jats:styled-content>) and S\u00e9zary syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>) could provide a basis for the development of new treatments for these diseases that are sometimes resistant to current therapies. This article focuses on the wide variety of cell types and immunological milieus, affecting the characteristic features of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MF<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>, such as skin\u2010homing of tumor cells, T\u2010helper type 2\u2010dominant tumor microenvironment, accumulation of dermal dendritic cells, epidermal hyperplasia, angiogenesis and pruritus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,18]],"date-time":"2014-01-18T13:16:47Z","timestamp":1390051007000},"page":"11-18","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Immunological milieu in mycosis fungoides and <scp>S<\/scp>\u00e9zary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Tomomitsu","family":"Miyagaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Tokyo Tokyo 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