{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:45:56Z","timestamp":1790642756246,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]],"date-time":"2014-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pemphigus vulgaris (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes. Ocular involvement in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> has been reported but its prevalence and clinical characteristics are not well defined. This prospective cross\u2010sectional study of 103 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> patients was designed to determine the prevalence, clinical types and epidemiological trends of ocular involvement in a population of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>ranian patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>. Ocular involvement was present in 17 (16.5%) patients. Conjunctivitis was the most prevalent type of ocular involvement (9\/17, 52.9%), followed by erosion of the palpebral conjunctiva (7\/17, 41.2%). Erosion of the bulbar conjunctiva was noted in only one patient (5.9%). The most commonly reported symptoms were eye irritation (76.5%) and redness (76.5%). No significant relation was found between ocular involvement and disease activity (partial remission or relapse). Mucoid discharge was significantly more common in patients with conjunctival erosions as compared to patients with conjunctivitis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.038). We conclude that ocular involvement is not rare in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>; 16.5% of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> patients develop ocular disease independent of the disease activity and extension. Conjunctivitis is the most common type of involvement, however, palpebral conjunctival erosion is more frequent than previously realized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,2]],"date-time":"2014-07-02T10:18:17Z","timestamp":1404296297000},"page":"618-621","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Ocular involvement in pemphigus vulgaris"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Akhyani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center Razi Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Keshtkar\u2010Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Farabi Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran 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