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The genus <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> now includes 14 species of basidiomycetous yeast. Culture\u2010independent molecular analysis clearly demonstrated that the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> of <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> spp. was predominantly detected in core body and arm sites, suggesting that they are the dominant fungal flora of the human body. <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> spp. have been implicated in skin diseases including pityriasis versicolor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> folliculitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MF<\/jats:styled-content>), seborrheic dermatitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>) and atopic dermatitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content>). While <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> spp. are directly responsible for the infectious diseases, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PV<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MF<\/jats:styled-content>, they act as an exacerbating factor in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>. The fatty acids generated by <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> lipase can induce inflammation of the skin, resulting in development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>. Patch and serum immunoglobulin E tests revealed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> patients were hypersensitive to <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>. However, these findings only partially elucidated the mechanism by which <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> spp. induce inflammation in the skin; understanding of the pathogenetic role of <jats:italic>Malassezia spp<\/jats:italic>. in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AD<\/jats:styled-content> remains incomplete. In this article, the latest findings of <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic> research are reviewed with special attention to skin diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,4]],"date-time":"2015-03-04T10:51:12Z","timestamp":1425466272000},"page":"250-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["<i>Malassezia<\/i> species and their associated skin diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Harada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mami","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Sugita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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