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This paper reviews recent research progress about the contribution of mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> to the pathogenesis of various skin diseases, and possible application of mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> as the disease markers in each disease. For example, downregulated miR\u2010424\u20105p in psoriatic skin causes the overexpression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEK<\/jats:styled-content>1 and cyclin E1 in psoriatic keratinocytes, resulting in the keratinocyte overgrowth and hyperproliferation seen in the disease. Although there was no significant difference in the serum miR\u2010424\u20105p levels between psoriasis patients and healthy controls, serum miR\u20101266\u20105p levels were significantly upregulated in psoriasis patients, and showed weak and inverse correlation with disease activity. Furthermore, combination of serum levels of miR\u2010146a\u20105p and \u2010203a\u20103p was more reliable to distinguish psoriasis patients and normal subjects, than each mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> alone. Hair shaft miR\u2010424\u20105p levels were significantly higher in psoriasis patients than normal subjects, while hair root miR\u201019a\u20103p levels in psoriasis patients were inversely correlated with the duration between symptom onset and the first visit to the hospital. Future researches of mi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> will enable the advances of their clinical applications including the clarification of pathogenesis, disease markers and novel treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,28]],"date-time":"2015-04-28T06:37:33Z","timestamp":1430203053000},"page":"551-558","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Recent progress in studies of mi<scp>RNA<\/scp> and skin diseases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Masatoshi","family":"Jinnin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery Faculty of Life Sciences Kumamoto University Kumamoto 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