{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T01:39:33Z","timestamp":1789609173283,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,24]],"date-time":"2017-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Actinic keratosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>) is a cutaneous cancer <jats:italic>in\u00a0situ<\/jats:italic> which develops as a result of excessive exposure to ultraviolet (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UV<\/jats:styled-content>). Toll\u2010like receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>)7 agonist imiquimod is a topical immune response modifier and is effective for the treatment of non\u2010melanoma skin cancers. Recently, the diagnostic role of the dermatoscope has been reported in the course of treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>. In addition, mast cells are now considered to contribute to both the innate and adaptive immune systems in topical imiquimod therapy. We assessed the effect of imiquimod treatment by dermatoscopic and immunohistochemical findings in 14 patients with a total of 21 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0lesions. With the dermatoscope, though the mean erythema score was not significantly different between the cured lesions and the unresponsive lesions, the erythema\/red pseudo\u2010network (\u201cstrawberry\u201d) pattern was decreased significantly in the cured lesions. By immunohistochemistry, the number of Ki\u201067\u2010positive proliferative cells in the epidermis was decreased and that of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>117\u2010positive mast cells in the dermis was increased\u00a0in the responding lesions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that the number of mast cells in the dermis was increased in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AK<\/jats:styled-content> lesions effectively treated with imiquimod. Our present result suggests that mast cells may contribute an antitumor effect in human skin treated with topical imiquimod.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.13821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,25]],"date-time":"2017-03-25T09:21:54Z","timestamp":1490433714000},"page":"944-949","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Increased number of mast cells in the dermis in actinic keratosis lesions effectively treated with imiquimod"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6931-5823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satomi","family":"Oyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nippon Medical School  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Funasaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nippon Medical School  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin\u2010ichi","family":"Tsuchiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiji","family":"Kawana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nippon Medical School  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidehisa","family":"Saeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nippon Medical School  Tokyo 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