{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T21:48:01Z","timestamp":1792705681083,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,20]],"date-time":"2018-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV)\u2010associated T\u2010 or natural killer (NK)\u2010cell lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by chronic proliferation of EBV\u2010infected lymphocytes. Patients may present with severe skin manifestations, including hypersensitivity to mosquito bites (HMB) and hydroa vacciniforme (HV)\u2010like eruption, which are characterized by blister formation and necrotic ulceration. Skin biopsy specimens show inflammatory reactions comprising EBV\u2010infected lymphocytes. However, blister fluids have not been fully assessed in patients with this disease. Blister fluids were collected from three patients with EBV\u2010associated LPD: two with HMB and one with HV. Immunophenotyping of blister lymphocytes and measurement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 in blister fluids were performed. The patients with HMB and HV exhibited markedly increased percentages of NK and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells, respectively, in both peripheral blood and blister fluids. These NK and \u03b3\u03b4 T cells strongly expressed the activation marker human leukocyte antigen\u2010DR and were considered to be cellular targets of EBV infections. TNF\u2010\u03b1 was highly elevated in all blister fluids. Severe local skin reactions of EBV\u2010associated LPD may be associated with infiltrating EBV\u2010infected lymphocytes and a high TNF\u2010\u03b1 concentration in blister fluids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,20]],"date-time":"2018-01-20T06:22:42Z","timestamp":1516429362000},"page":"444-449","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characterization of skin blister fluids from children with Epstein\u2013Barr virus\u2010associated lymphoproliferative disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6146-6379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taizo","family":"Wada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics School of Medicine Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences Kanazawa University Kanazawa 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