{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T02:09:47Z","timestamp":1789524587980,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of our study was to investigate the incidence of Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>), the frequency of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis, and the association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content> and prior use of allopurinol, carbamazepine or phenytoin. This case\u2013control study utilized data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHIRD<\/jats:styled-content>) of Taiwan. Controls visited the emergency department of the same hospital for trauma or fractures (excluding burns) and used allopurinol, carbamazepine or phenytoin during the past 3 months. We determined whether patients were prescribed a combination of drugs in addition to allopurinol, carbamazepine or phenytoin within the last 3 months. We identified 1 853 985 controls and 7327 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010diagnosed patients using the Taiwan <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NHIRD<\/jats:styled-content> records for 2000\u20132008. Higher use of allopurinol (49.8%), carbamazepine (39.1%) or phenytoin (21.3%) was observed among patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 3131) than among controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2858). The overall <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content> incidence rate was 3.6\/1 000 000. Drug combinations were uncommon (&lt;10%) in patients or controls taking allopurinol. However, combination drug use exceeded 10% in patients taking carbamazepine or phenytoin. Logistic regression analysis of recent combination drug use revealed that phenobarbital, valproate, non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NSAID<\/jats:styled-content>s) including piroxicam and tenoxicam, and antibiotics including amoxicillin and cephalexin were strongly associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>. Patients with gout or epilepsy taking allopurinol, carbamazepine or phenytoin should be evaluated carefully by physicians. Concurrent use of piroxicam, tenoxicam, phenobarbital, valproate, amoxicillin or cephalexin, in addition to carbamazepine or phenytoin, may increase the incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SJS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T10:24:03Z","timestamp":1530527043000},"page":"1080-1087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Incidence of Stevens\u2013Johnson syndrome following combination drug use of allopurinol, carbamazepine and phenytoin in Taiwan: A case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Fei\u2010Kai","family":"Syu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy College of Pharmacy China Medical School Taichung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsiu\u2010Yung","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Po\u2010Chun","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Syun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi\u2010Yung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1960-2274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fu\u2010Jen","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199411103311906"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)61112-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1552-4604.1981.tb01749.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05418-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5701033"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2006.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512143332404"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199513010-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62890-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfda.2015.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-2977(97)00088-0"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"299","article-title":"Anticonvulsant drug hypersensitivity","volume":"12","author":"Galindo P","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809202601006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00128071-200001060-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000112926"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00130832-200308000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000156354.20227.F0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.05.008"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"143","article-title":"Two years review of cutaneous adverse drug reaction from first line anti\u2010tuberculous drugs","volume":"62","author":"Tan W","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med J Malaysia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702002000400007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","unstructured":"Taiwan NHIi. 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