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As a vital enzyme for extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, lysyl oxidase (LOX) plays important roles in vascular development and diseases. However, the expression and significance of LOX are unknown in VM. Herein, 22 VM specimens and eight samples of normal skin tissues were evaluated immunohistochemically for the expression of LOX, \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle cell actin (\u03b1\u2010SMA) and transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2). <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> studies on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were employed for determining potential mechanisms. Our results showed that LOX expression was significantly reduced in VM compared with normal skin tissues, in parallel with attenuated perivascular \u03b1\u2010SMA<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cell coverage and TGF\u2010\u03b2 downregulation in VM. Further correlation analysis indicated that LOX expression was positively correlated with perivascular \u03b1\u2010SMA<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cell coverage and TGF\u2010\u03b2 expression in VM. Moreover, marked elevation of LOX, TGF\u2010\u03b2 and \u03b1\u2010SMA was observed in bleomycin\u2010treated VM samples. Furthermore, our <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> data demonstrated that both recombinant TGF\u2010\u03b2 and bleomycin induced obvious increase of LOX expression and activity and a concomitant increase in ECM components in HUVEC, which could be reversed by LOX inhibition. To our best knowledge, this study revealed for the first time the downregulation of LOX in VM and its correlation with vascular destabilization and TGF\u2010\u03b2\u2010induced endothelial ECM deposition. Moreover, our results highlighted that LOX may be implicated in the sclerotherapy of VM and holds promise as a therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T04:31:41Z","timestamp":1583987501000},"page":"518-526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Downregulation of lysyl oxidase in venous malformations: Association with vascular destabilization and sclerotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Junyi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College 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