{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T08:08:38Z","timestamp":1783670918955,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pyrethroid insecticides are the only pesticides approved for the treatment of head lice (pediculosis capitis) infestations in Japan. However, in Okinawa Prefecture, 96% of head lice are resistant to pyrethroids. Here, we conducted a clinical trial to assess the safety and efficacy of a dimethicone preparation against head lice infestations in Okinawa Prefecture. Dimethicone\u2010containing lotion was applied over the entire scalp three times over a 7\u2010day period. Lice bodies (nymphs\/adults) and eggs (nits) were counted before (day 0) and after treatment (day 8); a subset of eggs was collected to estimate viability based on hatch rate. Efficacy was evaluated based on improvement (reduction) in head lice counts post\u2010treatment with respect to baseline. Safety was evaluated based on subjects\u2019 scalp condition and adverse event incidence. Utility was a composite end\u2010point combining efficacy and safety. In total, 35 subjects were enrolled. Efficacy and safety were evaluated in 23 and 35 subjects, respectively. No side\u2010effects of note were reported during the treatment period. The dimethicone lotion resulted in a utility rating of \u201cmarginally useful\u201d or higher in over 80% of the study population, signifying the formulation to be both safe and effective. The dimethicone lotion was also a potent ovicide; 99.4% of eggs collected after treatment failed to hatch when incubated. Eradication of head lice remained successful for at least 4\u00a0weeks after the final topical dimethicone application in 25 of the 28 subjects reached by telephone survey. Lice bodies and eggs were genotyped to analyze the prevalence of three knockdown resistance (<jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic>)\u2010type mutations within the voltage\u2010sensitive sodium channel known to confer pyrethroid resistance. One or more <jats:italic>kdr<\/jats:italic> mutations were confirmed in 30 of the 32 subjects from whom specimens were collected (93.8%). Dimethicone was confirmed to be both safe and effective in treating pyrethroid\u2010resistant head lice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]],"date-time":"2021-05-28T13:01:24Z","timestamp":1622206884000},"page":"1343-1349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Efficacy and safety of a dimethicone lotion in patients with pyrethroid\u2010resistant head lice in an epidemic area, Okinawa, Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3761-444X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayaka","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Yasumura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuka","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Okubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Miyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Kawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenzo","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus Nishihara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92884-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1603\/033.046.0110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"2898","article-title":"Development of pyrethroid drug resistance in head lice development and effective control measures","volume":"121","author":"Tomita T","year":"2011","journal-title":"Jpn J Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.05.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-015-0381-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15348"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1346-8138.15966","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1346-8138.15966","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1346-8138.15966","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T07:24:52Z","timestamp":1693293892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1346-8138.15966"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1346-8138.15966"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1346-8138.15966","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0385-2407","1346-8138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0385-2407","type":"print"},{"value":"1346-8138","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-04-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}