{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:20:23Z","timestamp":1790835623746,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707177600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare and refractory systemic disease characterized by fibrosis and vasculopathy in the presence of autoimmune abnormalities. While the exact cause of SSc is incompletely understood, the specific autoantibodies identified in SSc are closely linked to disease severity and prognosis, indicating a significant role of autoimmune abnormalities in the pathogenesis of SSc. Although the direct pathogenic mechanisms of autoantibodies in SSc are not fully elucidated, numerous prior investigations have demonstrated the involvement of B cells in the pathogenesis of SSc through various mechanisms. Additionally, several clinical trials have explored the efficacy of B\u2010cell depletion therapy for SSc, with many reporting positive outcomes. However, the role of B cells in SSc pathogenesis is multifaceted, as they can both promote inflammation and exert inhibitory functions. This article provides an overview of the involvement of B cells in SSc development, incorporating the latest research findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.17134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T04:57:25Z","timestamp":1707281845000},"page":"904-913","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The role of B cells in systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6093-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takemichi","family":"Fukasawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Systemic Sclerosis Center The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Cannabinoid Research The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asako","family":"Yoshizaki\u2010Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Systemic Sclerosis Center The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Systemic Sclerosis Center The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8194-9140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayumi","family":"Yoshizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Systemic Sclerosis Center The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Cannabinoid Research The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-7613(95)90157-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.24.13158"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2015.27.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0709205105"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.1369"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.5.2863"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02614.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.060205"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1286251"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19499"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes090"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.787464"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3907"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2593"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12979"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6635"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20674"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.6.4.300"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI0215078"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2004.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41798"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(21)00107-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.7.2560"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/IR:26:1-3:045"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_28_1","first-page":"709","article-title":"Inhibition of interleukin 10 by rituximab results in down\u2010regulation of bcl\u20102 and sensitization of B\u2010cell non\u2010Hodgkin's lymphoma to apoptosis","volume":"7","author":"Alas S","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74704"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-06-1761"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V83.2.435.435"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-020-01370-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2015.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15072054"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14081917"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0300824"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.805697"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-020-04996-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631055"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.572863"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V94.7.2217.419k02_2217_2224"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00167-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.119933"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq256"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37754"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909905"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1404231"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.095463"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24249"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kep093"},{"issue":"71","key":"e_1_2_16_51_1","first-page":"S17","article-title":"Effect of long\u2010term treatment with rituximab on pulmonary function and skin fibrosis in patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis","volume":"30","author":"Daoussis D","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204522"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2014.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15079"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-1021-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni0901-764"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23126579"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/82717"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200112)31:12<3460::AID-IMMU3460>3.0.CO;2-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.6.3821"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.4.2270"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.03.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11501"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062013"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.12.7868"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI85113"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S139248"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.7.1009"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac023"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxp112"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.200360997"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.67209"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26099-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0AN00037J"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c4an00344f"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30539"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40164"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085032"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08916934.2017.1416467"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502641"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keac664"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.07.1014"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead287"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2023.02.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23158261"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.938785"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1346-8138.17134","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1346-8138.17134","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1346-8138.17134","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,8]],"date-time":"2026-02-08T07:55:44Z","timestamp":1770537344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1346-8138.17134"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1346-8138.17134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1346-8138.17134","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0385-2407","1346-8138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0385-2407","type":"print"},{"value":"1346-8138","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-01-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-01-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}