{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T09:16:01Z","timestamp":1788513361205,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751414400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common cutaneous keratinocyte dysplasia resulting from chronic ultraviolet (UV) exposure, typically presenting as erythematous, scaly patches or plaques on sun\u2010damaged skin. AK is recognized as the main precursor of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). Given the unpredictable potential for progression, current guidelines recommend treating all AKs, irrespective of their clinical grade. However, many approved treatments are not indicated for hyperkeratotic AKs. Among topical therapies, tirbanibulin 1% ointment is a novel synthetic anti\u2010proliferative agent that has shown good results in treating non\u2010hyperkeratotic AKs on the face and scalp, both in clinical trials and real\u2010life experiences. However, its effectiveness in managing hyperkeratotic AKs remains unexplored. A retrospective, single\u2010center study was conducted at the Dermatology Unit of the University of Messina, Italy, between September 2024 and January 2025. The study included 51 hyperkeratotic AK lesions in 32 consecutive patients, treated with tirbanibulin ointment for five consecutive days. At the 2\u2010month follow\u2010up, total clearance (complete lesion resolution) was observed in 54.9% of hyperkeratotic lesions, whereas partial clearance (&gt;\u200975% lesion reduction) was recorded in 25.5%. The treatment demonstrated a good safety profile, with high patient tolerability. LSRs were observed in 69.8% of patients (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200922), of which 54.5% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200912\/22) were classified as moderate, and 45.5% (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910\/22) as mild. No patient discontinued the treatment due to the onset of adverse events. Our real\u2010world experience suggests the effectiveness and safety of tirbanibulin ointment for the treatment of hyperkeratotic AKs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.17845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T03:32:06Z","timestamp":1751427126000},"page":"1395-1403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Tirbanibulin 1% Ointment for the Treatment of Hyperkeratotic Actinic Keratosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6760-9468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Li Pomi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Precision Medicine in Medical, Surgical and Critical Care (Me.Pre.C.C.) 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3515-8441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Borgia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Messina  Messina Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19897"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2000.103339"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cWHO Classification of Tumours Online 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