{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T15:14:49Z","timestamp":1784128489661,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K11567"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K11567"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP256f0137009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP256f0137009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Atopic dermatitis (AD) essentially exhibits dysbiosis of skin fungal microbiome, mycobiome, characterized by depletion of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The effects of recent systemic therapies for AD on skin mycobiome were not understood enough. We examined changes of skin mycobiome before and after systemic treatments with anti\u2010IL\u20104R\u03b1 antibody (dupilumab: DUP) and calcineurin inhibitor (cyclosporine, CyA). Swab samples from postauricular areas in 19 AD patients treated with dupilumab (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913) and cyclosporine (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096) were collected before and 4\u20138\u2009weeks after starting each treatment. Fungal DNA was amplified from the samples and sequenced with ITS1 metagenomic analysis, and taxonomic classification was performed. Fungi belonging to total 89 genera were detected. The share of the fungus was most occupied by\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (81.3%), followed by\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (3.7%), and\n                    <jats:italic>Trametes<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1.1%) before DUP and CyA treatment, and occupied by\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (87.3%), followed by\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1.9%), and\n                    <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                    (1.7%) after treatment. Three AD patients whose ratio of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in the skin mycobiome was under 50%, showed an exploratory increase of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    after treatments (before 17.3%, after 67%). Analysis of the\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species revealed an increase in\n                    <jats:italic>M. restricta<\/jats:italic>\n                    (before 70.5%, after 79.5%) and a decrease in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>M. globosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    (before 23.9%, after 16.1%). No consistent patterns distinguishing DUP and CyA were observed. Systemic treatment with DUP and CyA was associated with shifts toward higher\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia<\/jats:italic>\n                    abundance and modulation between\n                    <jats:italic>M. restricta<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M. globosa<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    These findings are exploratory and require validation in larger controlled studies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T10:32:15Z","timestamp":1764325935000},"page":"430-436","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Postauricular Skin Mycobiome Profiles in Atopic Dermatitis Treated With Dupilumab or Cyclosporine A: A Descriptive Case Series"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Yuta","family":"Koike","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Life Science Innovation Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4947-7312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hitomi","family":"Morisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Motooka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection Metagenomics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Disease Osaka University  Suita Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mai","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7045-2518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motoi","family":"Takenaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0450-1377","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Murota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Life Science Innovation Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences  Nagasaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2537"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2021.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2021.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12171"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.13402"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15742"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.03.1501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346\u20108138.16586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2024.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21113892"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587\u2010019\u20100209\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866\u2010021\u201002139\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03616-3_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439\u20100507.2009.01821.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348\u20100421.2011.00364.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.4.545\u2010563.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DER.0000000000000040"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2016.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2013.03.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.10.033"}],"container-title":["The 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