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This review focuses on major diseases of childhood and adolescence\u2014malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)\u2014outlining their epidemiology, clinical features, molecular drivers, and treatment strategies. Pediatric malignant melanoma is primarily classified into adult\u2010like tumors with BRAF\/NRAS mutations, Spitz melanoma arising from kinase fusion genes, and congenital nevi with NRAS mutations. Spitz tumors form a clinically challenging diagnostic spectrum, but advances in molecular profiling have enabled subclassification and risk stratification. Pediatric BCC typically arises from syndromic or iatrogenic factors, whereas pediatric SCC is strongly associated with DNA\u2010repair defects, immunosuppression, and chronic inflammation; both require long\u2010term follow\u2010up. Although rare, DFSP is the most frequent cutaneous sarcoma in pediatric patients and typically exhibits COL1A1\u2013PDGFB fusions. Considering the pediatric\u2010specific factors common to these malignancies, individualized treatment approaches are required. This review integrates the latest findings in molecular pathology and clinical guidelines to support accurate diagnosis, treatment, and follow\u2010up in pediatric dermatology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.70243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T04:41:39Z","timestamp":1774586499000},"page":"733-745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric Skin Cancer: Melanoma, Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinomas, and Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9216-5319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maiko","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Kindai University Hospital  Sakai Japan"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology National Hospital Organization Osaka Minami Medical Center  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Kindai University Hospital  Sakai Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2279-6906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinhard","family":"Dummer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470\u20102045(17)30186\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","volume-title":"International Childhood Cancer Day 2024","year":"2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Childhood Melanoma Treatment (PDQ\u00ae): Health Professional Version","author":"Board PDQPTE","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.32074\/1591\u2010951x\u20101006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dermatopathology11010010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15245834"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2206348"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Board PDQPTE \u201cChildhood Basal Cell Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin Treatment (PDQ\u00ae)\u2014Health Professional Version. 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