{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:31:22Z","timestamp":1793881882473,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Vitiligo, a common and chronic depigmentation disorder, significantly impacts patients' quality of life and exerts a substantial economic burden. The deleterious impact of vitiligo can be exacerbated by comorbid conditions, including psychiatric and autoimmune conditions. Treatment may vary across geographic regions, and there is sparse evidence of treatment patterns for vitiligo in Japan. Evaluations of healthcare costs are also needed to help underline unmet needs, including data on the influence of comorbid conditions on costs. Here we report results of a retrospective cohort analysis using claims data from the Japan Medical Data Center database to evaluate the economic burden and treatment patterns among patients with vitiligo in Japan. Primary study outcomes were costs and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) 12\u2009months post\u2010index (diagnosis date) for patients with vitiligo versus matched controls, based on inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy claims. In total, 28\u2009800 patients were included (4800 in the vitiligo cohort; 24\u2009000 matched controls). Patients with vitiligo had significantly greater all\u2010cause healthcare costs (\u00a584\u2009766 vs. \u00a555\u2009011,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and HCRU than matched controls, primarily driven by outpatient, dermatology\u2010, and vitiligo\u2010related procedure costs. In patients with vitiligo, comorbid psychiatric and autoimmune conditions significantly increased all\u2010cause healthcare costs versus no comorbid condition (\u00a5193\u2009468 vs. \u00a578\u2009313 and \u00a5185\u2009179 vs. \u00a577\u2009184, respectively; both\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Most patients (67.5%) did not receive treatment for vitiligo in the 12\u2009months following diagnosis. Of those who did, 76.0% received only phototherapy. Only 2.2% received second\u2010line treatment. Overall, Japanese patients with vitiligo face substantially higher healthcare costs and resource utilization than those without vitiligo, with burden further increased by psychiatric and autoimmune comorbidities; notably, most remained untreated in the year after diagnosis, and treated patients primarily received phototherapy.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.70458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T04:15:00Z","timestamp":1787890500000},"page":"1615-1625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Economic Burden and Treatment Patterns Among Patients Diagnosed With Vitiligo in Japan: An Observational Retrospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5593-6496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Oiso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Kindai University Nara Hospital  Ikoma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7201-3324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kent A.","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie Inc.  North Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8632-1396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Soliman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie Inc.  North Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie Inc.  North Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Taura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AbbVie GK  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Mercer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genesis Research Group  Hoboken New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Rava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genesis Research Group  Hoboken New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3149-5025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"Bynoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genesis Research Group  Hoboken New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2348-5130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haiyan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genesis Research Group  Hoboken New Jersey USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4669-9721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamio","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Yamagata University  Yamagata Japan"},{"name":"Omoriekimae Hifuka Clinic  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.18257"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096\u20109896(2000)9999:9999<::AID\u2010PATH659>3.0.CO;2\u2010D"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2023.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555\u2010023\u201000983\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015\u20104126"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12399"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15199"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.05.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.12.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CEOR.S463987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555\u2010023\u201001001\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"\u201cJMDC Claims Database \u201d (2025) https:\/\/www.jmdc.co.jp\/en\/jmdc\u2010claims\u2010database\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555\u2010024\u201001212\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjd\/ljae133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40801\u2010022\u201000296\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346\u20108138.12099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2020.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346\u20108138.17627"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000506103"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1346-8138.70458","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1346-8138.70458","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1346-8138.70458","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T12:13:24Z","timestamp":1793880804000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1346-8138.70458"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1346-8138.70458"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1346-8138.70458","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0385-2407","1346-8138"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0385-2407","type":"print"},{"value":"1346-8138","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}