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Therefore, use of markers of macrophage activation may have diagnostic and prognostic significance. High\u2010mobility group\u2010box 1 protein (HMGB1), a late\u2010onset pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine, is secreted by activated macrophages. Soluble hemoglobin scavenger receptor (sCD163) is a specific marker of anti\u2010inflammatory macrophages. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of HMGB1 and sCD163 concentrations in brucellosis and its various clinical forms. Serum HMGB1 and sCD163 concentrations in 49 brucellosis patients were compared with those in 52 healthy control subjects. Both serum HMGB1 and sCD163 concentrations were significantly higher in brucellosis patients than in healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). There were no statistically significant differences in serum concentrations of HMGB1 and sCD163 between cases of acute, subacute and chronic brucellosis. Additionally, serum HMGB1 concentrations were positively correlated with sCD163 concentrations, whereas neither HMGB1 nor sCD163 concentrations were correlated with C\u2010reactive protein concentrations, white cell counts or erythrocyte sedimentation rates. Therefore, serum concentrations of HMGB1 and sCD163 may be diagnostic markers for brucellosis, but neither can be used to differentiate the three different forms of this disease (acute, subacute and chronic).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,27]],"date-time":"2012-12-27T05:09:10Z","timestamp":1356584950000},"page":"150-158","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Diagnostic value of serum concentrations of high\u2010mobility group\u2010box protein 1 and soluble hemoglobin scavenger receptor in brucellosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Ay\u015fe O\u011fuz","family":"Ayarc\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Uludag University Faculty of Medicine Bursa 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