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In this study, expression of CD93 on other lymphocyte subsets and the concentration of soluble formed CD93 (sCD93) in serum or culture supernatants from neonatal umbilical cord blood (UCB) was examined. It was found that CD93 is also co\u2010expressed on CD2<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD16<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, CD56<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> or CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cells in the lymphocyte population of neonatal UCBCs, but not on normal adult PBCs. The concentrations of sCD93 in serum and culture supernatants from neonatal UCB were significantly greater than those from normal adult peripheral blood. The concentrations of sCD93 in culture supernatants from neonatal UCBCs and normal adult PBCs treated with phorbol 12\u2010myristate 13\u2010acetate (PMA) were significantly enhanced compared with those without PMA treatment. The degree of enhancement of sCD93 by PMA in culture supernatants from neonatal UCBCs was significantly greater than that of normal adult PBCs and enhancement of sCD93 by PMA in the culture supernatants from neonatal UCBCs and normal adult PBCs was significantly suppressed by PKC inhibitor. Interestingly, the high concentration of serum sCD93 in neonates was significantly decreased in sera from infants at 1 month after birth. Expression of CD93 on the lymphocyte population of PBCs from infants at 1 month after birth was also significantly decreased, compared with that for neonatal UCBCs. These findings indicate that CD93 in neonatal UCB has unique properties as an immunological biomarker.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,13]],"date-time":"2013-09-13T10:15:01Z","timestamp":1379067301000},"page":"822-832","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Unique properties of cluster of differentiation 93 in the umbilical cord blood of neonates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Nobunao","family":"Ikewaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Clinical Immunology, Department of Animal Pharmaceutical Science Kyushu University of Health and Welfare School of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1714\u20101 Yoshino\u2010machi Nobeoka\u2010shi Miyazaki 882\u20108508"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tohru","family":"Sonoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy Kyushu University of Health and Welfare School of Health Science 1714\u20101 Yoshino\u2010machi Nobeoka\u2010shi Miyazaki 882\u20108508"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidetoshi","family":"Inoko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetic Information, Division of Molecular Life Science Tokai University School of Medicine 143 Shimokasuya Isehara Kanagawa 259\u20101193 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Flow cytometric characterization of human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes: immunophenotypic features","volume":"83","author":"D'Arena 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