{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:31:35Z","timestamp":1767652295005},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,2]],"date-time":"2014-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p>A large acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) outbreak occurred in 2011 in Okinawa Prefecture in Japan. Ten strains of coxsackievirus group A type 24 variant (CA24v) were isolated from patients with AHC and full sequence analysis of the <jats:italic>VP3<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>VP1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>3C<jats:sup>pro<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>3D<jats:sup>pol<\/jats:sup><\/jats:italic> coding regions performed. To assess time\u2010scale evolution, phylogenetic analysis was performed using the Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method. In addition, similarity plots were constructed and pairwise distance (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010distance) and positive pressure analyses performed. A phylogenetic tree based on the <jats:italic>VP1<\/jats:italic> coding region showed that the present strains belong to genotype 4 (G4). In addition, the present strains could have divided in about 2010 from the same lineages detected in other countries such as China, India and Australia. The mean rates of molecular evolution of four coding regions were estimated at about 6.15 to 7.86\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> substitutions\/site\/year. Similarity plot analyses suggested that nucleotide similarities between the present strains and a prototype strain (EH24\/70 strain) were 0.77\u20130.94. The <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010distance of the present strains was relatively short (&lt;0.01). Only one positive selected site (L25H) was identified in the VP1 protein. These findings suggest that the present CA24v strains causing AHC are genetically related to other AHC strains with rapid evolution and emerged in around 2010.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,12]],"date-time":"2014-02-12T10:58:28Z","timestamp":1392202708000},"page":"227-238","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Molecular evolution of <i>VP3<\/i>, <i>VP1<\/i>, <i>3<\/i><i>C<sup>pro<\/sup><\/i> and <i>3D<sup>pol<\/sup><\/i> coding regions in coxsackievirus group A type 24 variant isolates from acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis in 2011 in Okinawa, Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Minoru","family":"Nidaira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yumani","family":"Kuba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Saitoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gunma Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences 378 Kamioki\u2010Machi Maebashi\u2010shi Gunma 371\u20100052"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuya","family":"Taira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Maeshiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Mahoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisako","family":"Kyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taketoshi","family":"Takara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sho","family":"Okano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Kudaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment 2085 Ozato Nanjo\u2010Shi Okinawa 901\u20101202"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromu","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology II"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Oishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Surveillance Center National Institute of Infectious Diseases 4\u20107\u20101 Gakuen Musashimurayama\u2010Shi Tokyo 208\u20100011 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Surveillance Center National Institute of Infectious Diseases 4\u20107\u20101 Gakuen Musashimurayama\u2010Shi Tokyo 208\u20100011 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"839","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"Pallansch M.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.54.9.628"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"An epidemic of conjunctivitis in Singapore in 1970","volume":"12","author":"Lim K.H.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.04.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.098822"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0023206"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2008.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2010) Notes from the field: acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis outbreaks caused by coxsackievirus A24v\u2014Uganda and southern Sudan 2010.MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep59: 1024."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20304"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-007-0265-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01618.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-9-41"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken1952.41.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01309694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0786"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1702(95)00048-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1997.8908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"795","volume-title":"Fields Virology,","author":"Racaniello V.R.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002390010147"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-10-2463"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470015902.a0000436.pub2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2008.196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/339298"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-71-9-2141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01603-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-7-214"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050660"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.1.152-160.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2009.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.035006-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti320"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-007-1032-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.77.19.10423-10431.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)90477-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00783-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.68.2.854-862.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.03044-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02535-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.5.1934-1945.1990"}],"container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1348-0421.12141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1348-0421.12141","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T13:36:26Z","timestamp":1696512986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1348-0421.12141"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1348-0421.12141"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1348-0421.12141","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0385-5600","1348-0421"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0385-5600","type":"print"},{"value":"1348-0421","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]}}}