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In this study, the requirements for resuscitation of VBNC\u2010state <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic> cells were found to change over time. Although VBNC cells could initially be converted to culturable by treatment with catalase or HT\u201029 cell extract, they subsequently entered a state that was not convertible to culturable by these factors. However, fluorescence microscopy revealed the presence of live cells in this state, from which VBNC cells were resuscitated by co\u2010cultivation with HT\u201029 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Ultimately, all cells entered a state from which they could not be resuscitated, even by co\u2010cultivation with HT\u201029. These characteristic changes in VBNC\u2010state cells were a common feature of strains in both <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> O1 and O139 serogroups. Thus, the VBNC state of <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> is not a single property but continues to change over time.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,9]],"date-time":"2015-02-09T10:57:21Z","timestamp":1423479441000},"page":"305-310","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Stepwise changes in viable but nonculturable <i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i> cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Imamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Research Center of Okayama University for Infectious Diseases in India National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases First Floor ID Hospital Campus, 57 Dr. S. C. 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