{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:35:58Z","timestamp":1791178558010,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,9]],"date-time":"2015-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441756800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Because many people visit zoos, prevention of zoonoses is important from the standpoint of public health. This study examined the prevalence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> among zoo animals in Japan by PCR and characterized these bacteria by performing phylogenetic analyses of the sequences of the variable domain (VD) 2 and VD4 regions of the <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic> gene, which encodes the <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> major outer membrane protein. Fecal samples were collected from 1150 zoo animals in five zoos and examined for <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> DNA. <jats:italic>Chlamydia psittaci<\/jats:italic> DNA was found in 3.9% of mammals, 7.2% of birds and 8.1% of reptiles. The prevalence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> DNA was significantly higher in reptiles (5.8%) than in mammals (0.3%) and birds (0.3%). Phylogenetic analysis of the <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic> VD2 region from 18 samples showed that nine were in three different clusters containing <jats:italic>C. psittaci<\/jats:italic> strains, six were in a cluster containing <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> strains and three each formed a distinct branch. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of the <jats:italic>ompA<\/jats:italic> VD4 region showed that <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> DNAs from reptiles were close to those from human patients. The <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> DNAs from the European glass lizard, Emerald tree boa, and Panther chameleon were classified in clusters that were distinct from other strains, suggesting that these reptiles had each been infected with a specific <jats:italic>C. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> genotype. This study showed that diverse <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> strains have been prevalent among a variety of zoo animals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,28]],"date-time":"2015-07-28T08:25:57Z","timestamp":1438071957000},"page":"507-515","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Prevalence and characterization of <i>Chlamydia<\/i> DNA in zoo animals in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Kabeya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa Kanagawa 252\u20100880 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa Kanagawa 252\u20100880 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichi","family":"Maruyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa Kanagawa 252\u20100880 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2008.09.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases. 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