{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T18:10:11Z","timestamp":1784225411920,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012021","name":"Iran University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26666"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26666"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012021","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the modulatory effect of TcpA in the expression of <jats:italic>CEACAM1<\/jats:italic> adhesin molecule and <jats:italic>IL\u20101, IL\u20108<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines in the Coculture model of Caco\u20102\/PBMC (peripheral blood mononuclear cell) that can mimic the intestinal milieu. The TcpA gene from <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic> ATCC14035 was cloned in pET\u201028a and transformed into <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> Bl\u201021. The recombinant TcpA\u2010His6 protein was expressed and purified using Ni\u2010column chromatography. The sequencing of transformed plasmid and Western blot analysis of purified protein confirmed the identity of rTcp. The cytotoxicity of different concentrations of recombinant protein for human colon carcinoma cell line (human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell [Caco\u20102 cell]) was assessed by MTT assay and showed viability of 92%, 82%, and 70%, for 10\u2009\u00b5g\/mL of TcpA after 24, 48, and 72\u2009h, respectively. Co\u2010cultures of Caco\u20102 and PBMCs were used to mimic the intestinal milieu and treated with different concentrations of rTcpA (1, 5, 10, and 50\u2009\u00b5g\/mL). Our data showed about 2.04\u2010, 3.37\u2010, 3.68\u2010, and 42.7\u2010fold increase in <jats:italic>CEACAM1<\/jats:italic> gene expression, respectively, compared with the nontreated Caco\u20102\/PBMC Coculture. Moreover, the expression of <jats:italic>IL\u20101, IL\u20108<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> genes was significantly increased up to 15.75\u2010, 7.04\u2010, and 80.95\u2010folds, respectively. In conclusion, <jats:italic>V. cholerae<\/jats:italic> TcpA induces statistically significant dose\u2010dependent stimulatory effect on <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u2010,1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL\u20108<\/jats:italic> pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines expression. Of these, <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic> was much more affected which, consequently, elevated the CEACAM1 expression level in IECs. This suggests that TcpA protein is a critical effector as an inducer of increased adhesion potential of <jats:italic>V. cholera<\/jats:italic> as well as inflammatory responses of host intestinal tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12889","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T10:44:05Z","timestamp":1619693045000},"page":"238-244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Vibrio cholerae<\/i> toxin coregulated pilus provokes inflammatory responses in Coculture model of Caco\u20102 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) leading to increased colonization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Ghasemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medical Sciences Tarbiat Modares University  Tehran 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