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Therefore, we investigated neuronal factors in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of newborns infected with HCMV using protein microarray technology with a view to elucidating the changes in specific neuronal factors for use in the development of a reliable index for predicting CNS injury caused by HCMV infection. Serum and CSF were collected from four newborns with HCMV infection and CNS injury (HCMV\u2010infected group) and from four newborns without CNS infection (control group). A protein microarray containing 29 kinds of CNS\u2010related cytokines was used to identify differentially expressed neuronal factors in the serum and CSF of the HCMV\u2010infected and control groups. The levels of the differentially expressed proteins were verified further in 30 CSF samples from an HCMV\u2010infected group using enzyme\u2010linkedimmunosorbent assay (ELISA). Between newborns in the HCMV\u2010infected and control groups, the protein microarray analysis identified three differentially expressed neurotrophic factors in the CSF samples: Acrp30, MMP\u20103, and interleukin\u20101 alpha (IL\u20101\u03b1). No differential cytokine expression was seen in the serum. ELISA showed significantly higher expression levels of Acrp30 and MMP\u20103 in the CSF of the 30 newborns with HCMV infection and CNS injury than in those in the control group, whereas the expression of IL\u20101\u03b1 was significantly lower. Our results demonstrate that changes in the expression levels of Acrp30, MMP\u20103, and IL\u20101\u03b1 in the CSF of newborns infected with HCMV may be related to the pathogenesis of CNS infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12918","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T16:44:33Z","timestamp":1621615473000},"page":"373-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neurotrophic factor levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neonates infected with human cytomegalovirus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1531-7655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BioBank Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 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