{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T10:50:39Z","timestamp":1783939839989,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772223"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772223"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Schistosomiasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease that is endemic in Asia. Macrophages are mainly involved in the inflammatory response of late schistosoma infection. Our previous study found that C\/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression is significantly increased, and M2 macrophages are activated in schistosome\u2010induced liver fibrosis mice. However, the role of CHOP in the regulation of macrophage polarization remains to be further studied. Western blotting or quantitative PCR revealed that IL\u20104 increased the expression of arginase\u20101, macrophage mannose receptor 1, phosphorylation signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (p\u2010STAT6), Kr\u00fcppel\u2010like factor 4 (KLF4), CHOP, and IL\u201013 receptor alpha (IL\u201013R\u03b1) and induced M2 polarization in RAW264.7 as measured by flow cytometry. Inhibiting STAT6 phosphorylation (AS1517499) reduced the IL\u20104\u2010induced expression of KLF4, CHOP, and IL\u201013R\u03b1 and also the number of M2 macrophages. The overexpression of CHOP stimulated M2 polarization, but AS1517499 inhibited this effect. CHOP increased the protein expression of KLF4 but did not change the expression of p\u2010STAT6. Soluble egg antigen (SEA) could promote the IL\u20104\u2010induced protein expression of p\u2010STAT6, CHOP, and KLF4. Overall, the findings show that SEA can promote the activation of M2 macrophages by causing increased CHOP\u2010induced KLF4 levels and activation of STAT6 phosphorylation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.12937","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T13:02:07Z","timestamp":1631019727000},"page":"531-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The role of C\/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in regulating macrophage polarization in RAW264.7 cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6489-227X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Medical School of Yangtze University  Jingzhou 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