{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T04:02:54Z","timestamp":1741838574754,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antibiotic\u2010resistant pathogens in public settings present a growing risk to human health. <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> often asymptomatically colonizes human skin, while virulent strains cause soft tissue infections, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, and are associated with cystic fibrosis. Here we investigated the presence and distribution of multidrug\u2010resistant <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> on exercise equipment in university recreation facilities. Equipment sampled included barbells (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200910), dumbbell handles (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200915), kettle bell handles (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095), ellipticals (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095), treadmills (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095), cable attachments (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095). Mannitol salt agar, CHROMagar\u2010MRSA, Gram staining and latex agglutination testing were useds to isolate and identify <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>, including methicillin\u2010resistant <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>. Kirby\u2010Bauer disc\u2010diffusion assay was utilized to determine antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Results show 42% of 456 <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> isolates from 45 different equipment surfaces were ampicillin resistant. Of 60 representative ampicillin\u2010resistant isolates, 92% were resistant to additional antibiotics with the majority resistant to erythromycin (40%) and sulfisoxazole (75%). Multidrug resistance to three or more drugs was observed in 73% of the ampicillin\u2010resistant subpopulation. These results indicate recreational facilities may serve as reservoirs for multi\u2010drug resistant <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> including methicillin\u2010resistant <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) and regular disinfection of equipment is warranted for safeguarding public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.13197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T05:20:43Z","timestamp":1735017643000},"page":"168-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recreational Facilities as Reservoirs for Multidrug\u2010Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Chase A.","family":"Weikel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology West Chester University of Pennsylvania West Chester Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6576-6523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Pisciotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology West Chester University of Pennsylvania West Chester Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","unstructured":"L. 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H.","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6809e1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-45.3.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/106002809803200104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Centers of Disease Control and Prevention Methicillin\u2010ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA): Athletic Facilities (2024) https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mrsa\/prevention\/coaches-athletic-directors.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mrsa\/community\/environment\/athletic-facilities.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2012.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3699-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.16284"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2011.0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1941738120909353"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/716080"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Bactericidal Effect of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles on Staphylococcus Aureus","volume":"5","author":"Tran N.","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Nanomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-020-10600-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.724-726.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"\u201cKirby\u2010Bauer Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test Protocol \u201d American Society for Microbiology (2009) https:\/\/www.asm.org\/getattachment\/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-0657aa9185ad\/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"\u0392D BBL\u2122 Sensi\u2010Disc\u2122 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test Discs (2023) https:\/\/static.bd.com\/documents\/eifu\/ZMG_8."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"CHROMagar\u2122 CHROMagar\u2122 MRSA (2024) https:\/\/www.chromagar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/NT-EXT-MRSA-siteweb-240507.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","unstructured":"BBL\u2122 Staphyloslide\u2122 Latex Test forStaphylococcus Aureus(2002) https:\/\/legacy.bd.com\/ds\/technicalCenter\/clsi\/clsi-staphyloslide.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-07445-2.00004-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.12.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","first-page":"138","article-title":"Community\u2010Associated Methicillin\u2010Resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"2","author":"Grindstaff T. 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