{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:51:39Z","timestamp":1787496699103,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a gram\u2010positive pathogen, vancomycin\u2010resistant strains become susceptible to \u03b2\u2010lactam antibiotics, referred to as the \u201cseesaw effect.\u201d However, in gram\u2010negative bacteria, the phenomenon is less clear. Here, we analyzed the gene\u2010knockout effects of eight lytic transglycosylases (\n                    <jats:italic>slt, mltA, mltB, mltC, mltD, mltE, mltF, mltG<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) on antibiotic sensitivity in\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Knockout of both\n                    <jats:italic>slt<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>mltG<\/jats:italic>\n                    increased sensitivity to \u03b2\u2010lactam antibiotics and reduced sensitivity to vancomycin. The \u03b2\u2010lactam antibiotic sensitivity and vancomycin resistance of the\n                    <jats:italic>slt<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010knockout mutant were abolished by the introduction of the wild\u2010type\n                    <jats:italic>slt<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene but remained unchanged by the introduction of the mutant\n                    <jats:italic>slt<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene encoding an amino acid substitution variant of the transglycosylase catalytic centre. The double\u2010knockout strain for\n                    <jats:italic>slt<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>mltB<\/jats:italic>\n                    was more sensitive to ampicillin and more resistant to vancomycin than each single\u2010knockout strain. The double\u2010knockout strain for\n                    <jats:italic>slt<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>mltG<\/jats:italic>\n                    was more sensitive to ampicillin and more resistant to vancomycin than each single\u2010knockout strain. These results suggest that loss of lytic transglycosylase activity causes \u03b2\u2010lactam antibiotic sensitivity and vancomycin resistance in\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.13227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T10:00:00Z","timestamp":1748253600000},"page":"407-417","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Lytic Transglycosylase Deficiency Increases Susceptibility to \u03b2\u2010lactam Antibiotics But Reduces Susceptibility to Vancomycin in\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Takahiko","family":"Kimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0135-8891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuya","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4068-8367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuyuki","family":"Furuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2895-3386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chikara","family":"Kaito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.24.7566-7570.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00431-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00049-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00822-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00387-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm700967e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.01734-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.124.3.1067-1076.1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.20.6394-6403.1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1993.tb06376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.1996.2.141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.13.3441-3447.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.13258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja309036q"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)88662-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002377"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0300634"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"e00307","article-title":"Overexpression of Diglucosyldiacylglycerol Synthase Leads to Daptomycin Resistance in Bacillus subtilis","volume":"1","author":"Yamamoto R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Bacteriology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.181.23.7192-7198.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-440X(94)90261-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/367750a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/146837a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"AmpC \u0392\u2010Lactamases","volume":"1","author":"Jacoby G. 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