{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T06:11:51Z","timestamp":1762063911921,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We investigated the receptor usage of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3a S310 strain using cell culture\u2013derived HCV (HCVcc) and trans\u2010complemented HCV particles (HCVtcp). Infection by HCV strains of genotypes 1, 2, and 3 was inhibited by anti\u2010CD81 antibody. By contrast, anti\u2013claudin (CLDN)1 antibody reduced infection by the genotype 1b TH strain and genotype 2a JFH\u20101 strain but had no effect on the S310 strain (genotype 3a). Moreover, CLDN1\u2010knockout cells remained permissive to infection with a chimeric HCVcc bearing the S310 envelope in a JFH\u20101 backbone. In CLDN1\u2010deficient cells, infection by HCVtcp derived from the S310 strain was significantly reduced by treatment with anti\u2013claudin\u20106 (CLDN6) antibody or knockdown of CLDN6 mRNA, suggesting that the S310 strain utilizes CLDN6 as an alternate entry factor. Further analyses revealed that HCVtcp of genotype 4a (ED43 strain) and genotype 6a (HK6a strain) also infected CLDN1\u2010deficient cells. These findings provide new insights into CLDN usage by diverse HCV genotypes and raise the possibility that CLDN tropism may affect viral entry, infection efficiency, and pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.70013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T07:41:17Z","timestamp":1759822877000},"page":"544-552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a S310 Strain Permits Claudin\u20101\u2013Independent Entry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0296-8843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Japan Institute for Health Security  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biological Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science  Tokyo 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