{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T20:06:11Z","timestamp":1773000371083,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microbiology and Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Enterococci are commensal bacteria in humans that are found in the intestine, pharynx and oral cavity and sometimes cause opportunistic infections such as intra\u2010abdominal infections and bacteraemia. Several enterococcal species, especially\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , have become clinical problems as drug\u2010resistant bacteria, including vancomycin\u2010resistant Enterococci (VRE). Therefore, new antibacterial agents against enterococcal infections are needed. Because several fatty acids (FAs) have been reported to possess antibacterial activity, in this study, the effects of 3 unsaturated fatty acids on enterococci were evaluated using clinically isolated strains. Among the 3 fatty acids we tested, linoleic acid (LA) and palmitoleic acid (POA) exhibited antibacterial activity against\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Next, we evaluated the antibacterial activities of the two FAs against 126 enterococcal clinical strains, including five different species. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of LA varied among bacterial species and strains (ranging from 37.5 to 1200\u2009\u03bcM), while the MIC of POA was similar (ranging from 37.5 to 150\u2009\u03bcM). Among species,\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains presented higher MICs than\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>E. avium<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. casseliflavus<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains. In 6 VRE strains, the MICs of LA showed variable (150\u20131200\u2009\u03bcM), whereas MICs of POA were constant at 75\u2009\u03bcM. We subsequently investigated the combined effects of LA and POA with several antibiotics and found that LA had synergistic effects with \u03b2\u2010lactam, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and vancomycin against\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. faecium<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains, including VRE, whereas POA did not have a significant effect. Our results indicate the potential application of FAs for enterococcal infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1348-0421.70037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T07:26:57Z","timestamp":1768375617000},"page":"129-138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diversity of Susceptibility to Unsaturated Fatty Acids in\n                    <i>Enterococcus<\/i>\n                    Strains and Their Synergistic Effects With Antibiotics"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Keijuro","family":"Ohdan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"},{"name":"Department of Bacteriology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuyuki","family":"Asada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"},{"name":"Department of Oral Oncology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saki","family":"Nishihama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"},{"name":"Department of Biological Endodontics Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Kawada\u2010Matsuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Shiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Endodontics Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2372-8347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Souichi","family":"Yanamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Oncology Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomonao","family":"Aikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima 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