{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:00:40Z","timestamp":1790704840467,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651536000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007917","name":"Agricultural Research Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007917","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP180101708"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP180101708"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003151","name":"Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec \u2013 Nature et technologies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008982","name":"National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IOS 16\u201054028"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IOS 16\u201054028"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008982","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018822","name":"Western Sydney University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018822","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Animal Ecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list><jats:list-item><jats:p>Insects are important models for studying immunity in an ecological and evolutionary context. Yet, most empirical work on the insect immune system has come from phenotypic studies meaning we have a limited understanding of the genetic architecture of immune function in the sexes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>We use nine highly inbred lines to thoroughly examine the genetic relationships between a suite of commonly used immune assays (haemocyte count, implant encapsulation, total phenoloxidase activity, antibacterial zone of inhibition and pathogen clearance) and resistance to infection by three generalist insect pathogens (the gram\u2010negative bacterium<jats:italic>Serratia marcescens<\/jats:italic>, the gram\u2010positive bacterium<jats:italic>Bacillus cereus<\/jats:italic>and the fungus<jats:italic>Metarhizium robertsii<\/jats:italic>) in male and female<jats:italic>Gryllodes sigillatus<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>There were consistent positive genetic correlations between haemocyte count, antibacterial and phenoloxidase activity and resistance to<jats:italic>S. marcescens<\/jats:italic>in both sexes, but these relationships were less consistent for resistance to<jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>M. robertsii<\/jats:italic>. In addition, the clearance of<jats:italic>S. marcescens<\/jats:italic>was genetically correlated with the resistance to all three pathogens in both sexes. Genetic correlations between resistances to the different pathogen species were inconsistent, indicating that resistance to one pathogen does not necessarily mean resistance to another. Finally, while there is ample genetic (co)variance in immune assays and pathogen resistance, these genetic estimates differed across the sexes and many of these measures were not genetically correlated across the sexes, suggesting that these measures could evolve independently in the sexes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p>Our finding that the genetic architecture of immune function is sex and pathogen specific suggests that the evolution of immune function in male and female<jats:italic>G. sigillatus<\/jats:italic>is likely to be complex. Similar quantitative genetic studies that measure a large number of assays and resistance to multiple pathogens in both sexes are needed to ascertain if this complexity extends to other species.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1365-2656.13709","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,26]],"date-time":"2022-04-26T07:40:40Z","timestamp":1650958840000},"page":"1471-1488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Genetic covariance in immune measures and pathogen resistance in decorated crickets is sex and pathogen specific"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6457-1465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinne","family":"Letendre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science Western Sydney University Richmond NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristin R.","family":"Duffield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Illinois State University Normal IL USA"},{"name":"Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Peoria IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben M.","family":"Sadd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Illinois State University Normal IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2878-1438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott K.","family":"Sakaluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Sciences Illinois State University Normal IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1125-6354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clarissa M.","family":"House","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science Western Sydney University Richmond NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4962-8750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Hunt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Science Western Sydney University Richmond NSW Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter, Tremough Campus Penryn UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2004.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2003.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199551354.003.0011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.2001.1786"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.2012.01673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102435.2012.01989.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Manual of quantitative genetics","author":"Becker W.","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/2041\u2010210x.12371"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/9780851994222.0141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2015.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010020\u201065780\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420\u20109101.2006.01267.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420\u20109101.2003.00655.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2019.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060248"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.13443"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915\u2010017\u20100466\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","volume-title":"Natural selection in the wild","author":"Endler J. A.","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"Introduction to quantitative genetics","author":"Falconer D.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/evo.12782"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocontrol.2010.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/329736"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1420\u20109101.2010.01951.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.2010.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012432555-5\/50013-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1570\u20107458.2011.01187.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-1890-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1165265"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2017.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960\u20109822(01)00211\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5061\/dryad.79cnp5hxp"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365\u20102656.12438"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2005.3222"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","volume-title":"Immunobiology: The immune system in health and disease","author":"Janeway C.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2000.890207.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.8.4543"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.13164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arq035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1995.0084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1354"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0145\u2010305X(99)00057\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.13211"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04817.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400592"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.13509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","volume-title":"Randomization, bootstrap and Monte Carlo methods in biology","author":"Manly B. F.","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199568765.003.0023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002002354"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1365\u20102656.12763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558\u20105646.2007.00001.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195084412.001.0001","volume-title":"Parasites and the behavior of animals","author":"Moore J.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S000748531200048X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20100749.1993.tb00590.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2015.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/696147"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1998.0503"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169\u20105347(00)01941\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/hdy.1994.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0014\u20103820.2005.tb01831.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1080623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/14756366.2011.576010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420\u20109101.2001.00302.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752\u20104571.2008.00057.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3574"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2002.2265"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169\u20105347(02)00013\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jeb.12528"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1534\/g3.112.005306"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2004.09.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1315"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065\u20102806(05)32001\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3032.1998.233090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8829"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/am.24.2.292-293.1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.2000.1884"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","first-page":"136","volume-title":"Sexual selection and the descent of man","author":"Trivers R. L.","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2003.0080"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2014.0987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978\u20100\u201012\u2010407186\u20105.00003\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1461\u20100248.2001.00279.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041\u2010210X.2011.00125.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/342131"}],"container-title":["Journal of Animal Ecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13709","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13709","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13709","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13709","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T16:26:50Z","timestamp":1700497610000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13709"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1365-2656.13709"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13709","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0021-8790","1365-2656"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0021-8790","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2656","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-12-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}