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This study aimed to examine the fine motor control and hand\u2010function in cocaine users compared to healthy controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An observational study was conducted. Sociodemographic variables, substance consumption, the Purdue Pegboard and the Jebsen\u2013Taylor Hand\u2010function Test were evaluated bilaterally in 35 participants who were cocaine users and in 35 healthy participants. Differences between sides (dominant and non\u2010dominant hands) and groups were analysed with analysis of variance (ANOVA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ANOVA revealed significant differences between groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and between sides (dominant and non\u2010dominant hands) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005) for the one\u2010hand pin placement subtest of the Purdue Pegboard Test. Also, ANOVA tests showed significant differences between sides, but not groups, for the simulated feeding (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and stacking checkers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) Jebsen\u2013Taylor subtests. Cocaine user participants exhibited significantly lower scores in bilateral pin placement and\u00a0required more time for the Jebsen\u2013Taylor subtests compared to healthy participants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cocaine user participants display deficits of fine motor control and some aspects of manual dexterity when compared to healthy controls. These findings show the convenience of incorporating functional rehabilitation by occupational therapists as a key component within the treatment of cocaine users. This study therefore opens a new field of practice for occupational therapy based on the assessment and treatment of motor deficits in the hand and the upper limb of people who consume cocaine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1630.12551","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]],"date-time":"2018-12-21T17:22:40Z","timestamp":1545412960000},"page":"304-312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Altered fine motor control and manual dexterity in people with cocaine dependence: An observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Camarero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3271-5767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Ortega\u2010Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Arias\u2010Horcajadas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital 12 de Octubre Universidad Complutense Comunidad de Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agust\u00edn","family":"Madoz\u2010G\u00farpide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal (IRYCIS) Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Miangolarra\u2010Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Domingo","family":"Palacios\u2010Ce\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n (IiSGM) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.03.008"},{"volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Text Revision (DSM\u2010IV\u2010TR)","year":"1999","author":"American Psychiatric Association","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0164212X.2015.1134293"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(99)80240-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.10.3.280"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.54.5.555"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2015.00189"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality. 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