{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T05:48:50Z","timestamp":1767851330006,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,27]],"date-time":"2013-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>\u2003Suboptimal conditions <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> are associated with the development of adult\u2010onset diseases in offspring. Uteroplacental insufficiency in rats is a well\u2010established animal model used to mimic and study the effects of developmental insults relevant to countries of abundant nutrient supply. However, wide\u2010ranging outcomes for the offspring are apparent between the different investigators that use this model and also between cohorts generated in our laboratory.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>\u2003We aimed to explore the reasons for variability in rat models of uteroplacental insufficiency between different investigators and also between our own animal cohorts. We suggest differences in growth and disease development reflect uniqueness in susceptibility and highlight the complexity of interactions between genetic potential and environmental exposures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>\u2003The impact of adverse exposures <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic> has been described as having far\u2010reaching effects that extend well beyond the first, directly exposed generation. However, the resulting phenotypes are not consistent between generations. This suggests that programmed effects are established <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> in each generation and challenges the prediction of disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>\u2003Characterization of growth and disease in the numerous rat models has led to our understanding of the impact of early life experiences on adult health. In order to drive the development of preventative and\/or treatment strategies, future studies should focus on identifying the initial cause(s) of uteroplacental insufficiency, including genetic origins and the influence of poor diets.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,12]],"date-time":"2013-04-12T14:03:55Z","timestamp":1365775435000},"page":"795-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Developmental programming: Variations in early growth and adult disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Linda A","family":"Gallo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Mater Medical Research Institute Translational Research Institute Woolloongabba Queensland 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