{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:01:59Z","timestamp":1791302519926,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,12]],"date-time":"2015-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30972610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30972610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81273240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81273240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Agency","award":["20110716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20110716"]}]},{"name":"Health Department Research Projects in Jilin Province","award":["2009Z054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009Z054"]}]},{"name":"Norman Bethune Program of Jilin University","award":["2012206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012206"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,2]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Follicular helper\u00a0T (\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) cells and B\u00a0cells are linked to the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (\n AS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ). Follicular regulatory\u00a0T (\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) cells suppress\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cell and germinal center B\u00a0cell numbers\n in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n . The role of\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells in\n AS<\/jats:styled-content>\n is unknown. The frequency of peripheral blood inducible\n FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3+\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells and\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells were taken from 20 onset\n AS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients and 10 healthy controls, and were examined by flow cytometry, their disease activity were measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. The concentrations of serum interleukin (\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u201021, immunoglobulin\u00a0G, immunoglobulin\u00a0A, immunoglobulin\u00a0M and C\u2010reactive protein were examined, and the values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate were measured. The frequency of peripheral blood\n FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3+\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells,\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells, the ratio of\n FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3+\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells and the concentration of serum\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201021 in the\n AS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy controls (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.0001,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0027,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0< 0.0001,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0039, respectively). The frequency of\n FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3+\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells and the ratio of\n FOXP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 3+\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n \/\n CXCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 5+\n CD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4+\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells still significantly rose in those patients after standard treatment (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0006,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.0001), the concentration of serum\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201021 decreased after treatment (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0049), accompanied by significantly minimized disease activities. Furthermore, the\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells were negatively correlated with serum immunoglobulin\u00a0A in those patients before treatment (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.582,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0071), and the frequency of\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells was negatively correlated with that of\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells and the concentration of serum\n IL<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u201021 after treatment (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.550,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.046;\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.581,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.0371).\n TFR<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells might participate in the pathogenesis of\n AS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and might be responsible for controlling the autoantibodies, the frequency and function of\n TFH<\/jats:styled-content>\n cells to inhibit the development of\n AS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,27]],"date-time":"2014-10-27T06:16:00Z","timestamp":1414390560000},"page":"154-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Higher frequency of peripheral blood follicular regulatory\n T<\/scp>\n \u00a0cells in patients with new onset ankylosing spondylitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Yuxing","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changlin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jixue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fupeng","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co\u2010innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60635-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"302","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatic disease in Taiwan: A population\u2010based study of urban, suburban, and rural differences","volume":"21","author":"Chou CT","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. 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