{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T17:38:47Z","timestamp":1788197927962,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]],"date-time":"2015-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes","award":["R01 HL077571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HL077571"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enhanced external counterpulsation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content>) therapy decreases angina episodes and improves quality of life in patients with left ventricular (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content>) dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms relative to the benefits of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content> therapy in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> dysfunction have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content> on indices of central haemodynamics, aortic pressure wave reflection characteristics, and estimates of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> load and myocardial oxygen demand in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> dysfunction. Patients with chronic stable angina and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> ejection fraction &lt;\u00a040% but &gt;\u00a030%, were randomized to either an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> ejection fraction\u00a0=\u00a035.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.6%; <jats:italic>n\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>10) or sham\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content> group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> ejection fraction\u00a0=\u00a034.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.2%; <jats:italic>n\u00a0=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>7). Pulse wave analysis of the central aortic pressure waveform and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> function were evaluated by applanation tonometry before and after 35 1\u2010h sessions of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content> or sham\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content>. Enhanced external counterpulsation therapy was effective in reducing indices of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> wasted energy and myocardial oxygen demand by 25% and 19%, respectively. In addition, indices of coronary perfusion pressure and subendocardial perfusion were increased by 9% and 30%, respectively, after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content>. Our data indicate that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EECP<\/jats:styled-content> may be useful as adjuvant therapy for improving functional classification in heart failure patients through reductions in central blood pressure, aortic pulse pressure, wasted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LV<\/jats:styled-content> energy, and myocardial oxygen demand, which also suggests improvements in ventricular\u2013vascular interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,12]],"date-time":"2015-02-12T23:24:30Z","timestamp":1423783470000},"page":"315-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Enhanced external counterpulsation reduces indices of central blood pressure and myocardial oxygen demand in patients with left ventricular dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Darren T","family":"Beck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology University of Rhode Island Kingston RI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren P","family":"Casey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey S","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Physiology Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine\u2010Auburn Campus Auburn AL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paloma D","family":"Sardina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randy W","family":"Braith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology University of Florida Gainesville FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2002.01743.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-5299.2002.00286.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e318253de5e","article-title":"Enhanced external counterpulsation for ischemic heart disease: A look behind the curtain","volume":"40","author":"Braith RW","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exerc. 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