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This study aimed at identifying <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eNOS<\/jats:styled-content> in diseased blood vessels and to determine which blood vessels respond to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content>. New Zealand White rabbits were fed an atherogenic diet (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06, 0.5% cholesterol\u00a0+\u00a01% methionine\u00a0+\u00a05% peanut oil) and control animals fed a normal diet (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06) for 4\u00a0weeks. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the localization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eNOS<\/jats:styled-content> in the aorta. The aorta, carotid, renal, iliac, inferior mesenteric, and renal interlobular arteries were removed, mounted in organ baths, and subjected to doses of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> (10<jats:sup>\u22129<\/jats:sup>\u201310<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mol\/L) and then acetylcholine (10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\u00a0mol\/L). Immunohistochemistry of the aorta shows <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> staining in plaque macrophages, smooth muscle cells and endothelium, and these cells co\u2010expressed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">eNOS<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> caused a minor vasoconstrictive response in all blood vessels studied but was blunted in arteries from control animals. Acetylcholine caused relaxation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> constricted blood vessels. This data clearly shows that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> is present in atherosclerotic plaque and is a minor constrictor of the vasculature tree. Further studies aimed at understanding the role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PYY<\/jats:styled-content> in cardiovascular disease are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T06:53:39Z","timestamp":1428562419000},"page":"648-652","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Role of Peptide <scp>YY<\/scp> in blood vessel function and atherosclerosis in a rabbit model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Renee M","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention &amp; Management (CCDPM) College of Health &amp; Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudi","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention &amp; Management (CCDPM) College of Health &amp; Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kruzliak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Clinical Research Center St. Anne\u2032s University Hospital and Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Zulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention &amp; Management (CCDPM) College of Health &amp; Biomedicine Victoria University Melbourne Vic. 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