{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:44:21Z","timestamp":1792179861711,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":180,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]],"date-time":"2015-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dipeptidyl peptidase\u20104 (DPP\u20104) inhibitors are a class of oral antidiabetic drugs that improve glycaemic control without causing weight gain or increasing hypoglycaemic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The eight available DPP\u20104 inhibitors, including alogliptin, anagliptin, gemigliptin, linagliptin, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, teneligliptin, and vildagliptin, are small molecules used orally with identical mechanism of action and similar safety profiles in patients with T2DM. DPP\u20104 inhibitors may be used as monotherapy or in double or triple combination with other oral glucose\u2010lowering agents such as metformin, thiazolidinediones, or sulfonylureas. Although DPP\u20104 inhibitors have the same mode of action, they differ by some important pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties that may be clinically relevant in some patients. The main differences between the eight gliptins include: potency, target selectivity, oral bioavailability, elimination half\u2010life, binding to plasma proteins, metabolic pathways, formation of active metabolite(s), main excretion routes, dosage adjustment for renal and liver insufficiency, and potential drug\u2010drug interactions. The off\u2010target inhibition of selective DPP\u20104 inhibitors is responsible for multiorgan toxicities such as immune dysfunction, impaired healing, and skin reactions. As a drug class, the DPP\u20104 inhibitors have become accepted in clinical practice due to their excellent tolerability profile, with a low risk of hypoglycaemia, a neutral effect on body weight, and once\u2010daily dosing. It is unknown if DPP\u20104 inhibitors can prevent disease progression. More clinical studies are needed to validate the optimal regimens of DPP\u20104 inhibitors for the management of T2DM when their potential toxicities are closely monitored.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,15]],"date-time":"2015-07-15T12:17:35Z","timestamp":1436962655000},"page":"999-1024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Clinical pharmacology of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Xiao\u2010Wu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery The First People's Hospital of Shunde Southern Medical University Shunde Foshan Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Xu","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Centre &amp; Sino\u2010US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences Guiyang Medical University Guiyang Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010Wei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Florida Tampa FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianxin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah and Salt Lake Veterans Affairs Medical Centre Salt Lake City UT USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueji","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin\u2010Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan Ningxia China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Deakin University Waurn Ponds Vic. Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Feng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research Centre &amp; Sino\u2010US Joint Laboratory for Medical Sciences Guiyang Medical University Guiyang Guizhou China"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of South Florida Tampa FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62219-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.726"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1103643"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","volume-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas","author":"International Diabetes Federation","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","volume-title":"National Diabetes Statistics Report: Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States, 2014","author":"Centres for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70144-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2012.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60207-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0906948"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1005073"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60614-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70065-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.13.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60613-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2011.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/CBB:44:3:349"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-006-6317-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920308783565723"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2012.0098.edw"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-0407.2011.00143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2012.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1990.tb00377.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4824","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42906-7","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (CD 26) gene expression in enterocyte\u2010like colon cancer cell lines HT\u201029 and Caco\u20102. Cloning of the complete human coding sequence and changes of dipeptidyl peptidase IV mRNA levels during cell differentiation","volume":"267","author":"Darmoul D","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.2.481","article-title":"Cloning and functional expression of the T cell activation antigen CD26","volume":"149","author":"Tanaka T","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1296"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07952-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2014.50.4.2132740"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.31.9.896"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187152512803530379"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-13-0195"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2013.838559"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-012-9729-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/prot.21138"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.10.2988"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_38_1","first-page":"1345","article-title":"Novel serine protease dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor: Alogliptin","volume":"12","author":"Agrawal R","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_39_1","first-page":"989","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase\u20134 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes therapy\u2010focus on alogliptin","volume":"7","author":"Capuano A","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03261927"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1060028013504076"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp130131"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1310\/hpj4807-580"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190014522063"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2014.898750"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_47_1","first-page":"186","article-title":"Alogliptin (nesina) for adults with type\u20102 diabetes","volume":"39","author":"Dineen L","year":"2014","journal-title":"P. T."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871529X14666140701095849"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_49_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Alogliptin: A new dipeptidyl peptidase\u20134 inhibitor with potential anti\u2010atherogenic properties","volume":"40","author":"Kutoh E","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr. Res."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2014.944862"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2008.01933.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01463.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12258"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-0159"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990903156111"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2243"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-13-0639"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12377"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12102"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2008.01016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2011.614936"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ13-0466"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12059"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ12-0290","article-title":"Effect of additional administration of acarbose on blood glucose fluctuations and postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus under treatment with alogliptin","volume":"60","author":"Kusunoki Y","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocr. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2009.01124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2014.956722"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1035"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2011.599371"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2009.01156.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2009.02484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2010.01212.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm070104l"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11532980-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12295"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11591400-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270009338938"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12093"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1305889"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2011.09.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/fpj.141.339"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2012.731618"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12429"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ14-0544"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_85_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Anagliptin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: Safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability","volume":"8","author":"Nishio S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-013-0171-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2008.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2009.03376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2010.01303.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12042"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12060"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2013.865856"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CP202038"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2012.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CP201568"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543780903463862"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_97_1","first-page":"1091","article-title":"Linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase\u20104 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Tiwari A","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Investig. Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11207400-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-011-0028-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2011.07.2318"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187221411797265926"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157339911797415648"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2011.628986"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CRD.0b013e31823a3afc"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2012.642863"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2012.01586.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138945012800675731"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2012.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11630900-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11209570-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S16288"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2012.48.10.1860771"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2012.741591"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-012-0067-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018812449406"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-012-0066-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S23166"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2013.767892"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.2013.771631"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_120_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Clinical utility and tolerability of linagliptin in diabetic patients","volume":"5","author":"Maxwell LG","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Healthc. Patient Saf."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-5996-5-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2042018813486165"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2013.05.2663"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_124_1","first-page":"681","article-title":"Linagliptin as add\u2010on therapy to insulin for patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Websky K","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vasc. Health Risk Manag."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6450","DOI":"10.1021\/jm701280z","article-title":"8\u2010(3\u2010(R)\u2010aminopiperidin\u20101\u2010yl)\u20107\u2010but\u20102\u2010ynyl\u20103\u2010methyl\u20101\u2010(4\u2010methyl\u2010quinazolin\u20102\u2010ylme thyl)\u20103,7\u2010dihydropurine\u20102,6\u2010dione (BI 1356), a highly potent, selective, long\u2010acting, and orally bioavailable DPP\u20104 inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"50","author":"Eckhardt M","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270008323753"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2009.01046.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2010.01350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/03007990903094361"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2010.01326.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2010.03131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60691-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01391.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2012.02975.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2011.03387.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2011.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.109.031476"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.61.01.0008"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01458.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0706"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2012.04173.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2012.01565.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2012.642866"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-11-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2011.03931.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11590240-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-011-0028-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CP201507"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.DMPK-10-RG-091"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP48652"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP48367"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-1241.2011.02812.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2502"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.85934"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp090555"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1307684"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.2011.580738"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5301\/jn.5000026"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_161_1","first-page":"893","article-title":"A review of sitagliptin with special emphasis on its use in moderate to severe renal impairment","volume":"7","author":"Eligar VS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40266-014-0155-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.2015.1046840"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.2720"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12441"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2012.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12092"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S35682"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2013.49.10.2035882"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00498254.2013.816891"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2005.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jm030091l"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031907"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr022"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11598080-000000000-00000"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200746070-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP48582"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200666150-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2011.01467.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2012.01634.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-012-2827-3"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2F1440-1681.12455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/1440-1681.12455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T18:13:29Z","timestamp":1696356809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1440-1681.12455"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]]},"references-count":180,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/1440-1681.12455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1440-1681.12455","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0305-1870","1440-1681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0305-1870","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,15]]}}}