{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:30:26Z","timestamp":1788449426837,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,7]],"date-time":"2016-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>The purpose of this study was to examine the roles of T helper 9 (Th9) cells and the serum interleukin (IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20109 level in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA<\/jats:styled-content>). The numbers of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>8\u2212<\/jats:sup> T cells, interferon (IFN<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic>+ CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>8\u2212<\/jats:sup> T cells, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104+<\/jats:sup> CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CD<\/jats:styled-content>8\u2212<\/jats:sup> T cells, and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A+\u00a0<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+\u00a0<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>8\u2212<\/jats:sup> T cells in 25 OA<\/jats:styled-content> patients and 13 healthy controls (HC<\/jats:styled-content>) were examined by flow cytometry. The serum concentrations of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20104, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A, and IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> were also determined. The numbers of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>CD<\/jats:styled-content>45RO<\/jats:styled-content>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, Th9 cells, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells in OA<\/jats:styled-content> patients were significantly higher than those in HC<\/jats:styled-content>s. Furthermore, serum IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A, and IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> levels in OA<\/jats:styled-content> patients were higher than those in HC<\/jats:styled-content>s. The number of Th9 cells was positively correlated with the number of Th17 cells in OA<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Furthermore, greater numbers of Th9 cells were positively associated with elevated C\u2010reactive protein, and both Th9 cells and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 levels were positively correlated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index in OA<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Th9 cell numbers and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 levels are correlated with OA<\/jats:styled-content> patient symptoms and joint functionality and may be a marker of disease activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]],"date-time":"2016-03-01T14:35:23Z","timestamp":1456842923000},"page":"528-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Circulating T helper 9 cells and increased serum interleukin\u20109 levels in patients with knee osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Changlin","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxing","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fupeng","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ding","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Diagnosis Centre Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Ministry of Education, the First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun China"},{"name":"Jiangsu Co\u2010innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036019"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.84.3.351"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60752-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200109000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2011.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-004-0497-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2012.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2012.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1659"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1677","article-title":"IL\u20104 inhibits TGF\u2010\u03b2\u2010induced Foxp3+T cells and together with TGF\u2010\u03b2, generates IL\u20109+IL\u201010+Foxp3\u2010effecter T cells","volume":"9","author":"Dardalhon V","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. 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