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We found that hypertonic saline (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibited acetylcholine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h)\u2010induced contraction of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>from the mouse trachea and human bronchi. In single mouse<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASMC<\/jats:styled-content>s),<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h induced an increase in intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>that was further enhanced by 5% NaCl, indicating that the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced inhibition of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>contraction was not mediated by a decrease in cytosolic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. The Rho\u2010associated kinase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROCK<\/jats:styled-content>) inhibitor Y\u201027632 relaxed<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h\u2010induced precontraction of mouse tracheal rings. However, such inhibition was not observed after the relaxation induced by 5% NaCl. Moreover, the incubation of mouse tracheal rings with 5% NaCl decreased<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>h\u2010induced phosphorylation of myosin light chain 20 and myosin phosphatase target subunit 1. These data indicate that<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>inhibits the contraction of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASM<\/jats:styled-content>by inhibiting Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>sensitization, not by decreasing intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]],"date-time":"2017-07-06T15:02:53Z","timestamp":1499353373000},"page":"1053-1059","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Hypertonic saline inhibits airway smooth muscle contraction by inhibiting Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>sensitization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Xiao\u2010Cao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plant Germplasm in Wuling Area of China College of Life Sciences South\u2010Central University for Nationalities 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