{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T18:50:06Z","timestamp":1790275806694,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,14]],"date-time":"2019-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Allergic rhinitis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content>) is a type of respiratory disease closely associated with chronic inflammation. Esculetin is a natural coumarin derivative and has been reported to possess anti\u2010allergic and anti\u2010inflammatory effects. However, the roles of esculetin in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content> have not been studied. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of esculetin on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content> using an in vitro model. The human nasal epithelial cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNE<\/jats:styled-content>pC) were stimulated by histamine for 24\u00a0hours with or without the pretreatment of esculetin. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels and production of inflammatory cytokines including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, as well as mucin 5<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qRT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>, respectively. The results showed that esculetin suppressed histamine\u2010induced expression and secretion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNE<\/jats:styled-content>pCs. Furthermore, we examined the effect of esculetin on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB pathway by detecting the expression levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB p65, p\u2010p65 and I\u03baB\u03b1 using western blot analysis. Esculetin treatment suppressed the histamine\u2010induced p\u2010p65 expression and p\u2010I\u03baB\u03b1 degradation. Inhibiting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB pathway suppressed histamine\u2010induced production of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUC<\/jats:styled-content>5<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNE<\/jats:styled-content>pCs. These findings suggested that esculetin suppressed histamine\u2010induced production of inflammatory cytokines and mucin in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HNE<\/jats:styled-content>pCs, which were partly mediated by the inhibition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03baB pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T20:18:24Z","timestamp":1560889104000},"page":"821-827","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Esculetin inhibits histamine\u2010induced expression of inflammatory cytokines and mucin in nasal epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3595-4106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Botao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Xi'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University Xi'an 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