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In rodents, the pharmacological activation of RPa neurons was shown to increase the activity of the brown adipose tissue, heart rate, and expired CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, whereas their inhibition was shown to induce cutaneous vasodilation and a state of hypothermia that, when prolonged, leads to a state resembling torpor referred to as synthetic torpor. If translatable to humans, this synthetic torpor\u2010inducing procedure would be advantageous in many clinical settings. A first step to explore such translatability, has been to verify whether the neurons within the RPa play the same role described for rodents in a larger mammal such as the pig. In the present study, we show that the physiological responses inducible by the pharmacological stimulation of RPa neurons are very similar to those observed in rodents. Injection of the GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> agonist GABAzine in the RPa induced an increase in heart rate (from 99 to 174\u00a0bpm), systolic (from 87 to 170\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) and diastolic (from 51 to 98\u00a0mm\u00a0Hg) arterial pressure, and end\u2010tidal CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (from 49 to 62 mm\u00a0Hg). All these changes were reversed by the injection in the same area of the GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> agonist muscimol. These results support the possibility for RPa neurons to be a key target in the research for a safe and effective procedure for the induction of synthetic torpor in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T10:38:08Z","timestamp":1571395088000},"page":"281-285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Autonomic effects induced by pharmacological activation and inhibition of Raphe Pallidus neurons in anaesthetized adult pigs"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Mino","family":"Zucchelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurochirurgia Pediatrica IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna Bologna 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