{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,15]],"date-time":"2026-03-15T23:36:24Z","timestamp":1773617784473,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]],"date-time":"2020-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81860553"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81860553"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81560325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81560325"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81760741"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81760741"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Exp Pharma Physio"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Severe drug eruption (SDE), a common skin disease, becomes dangerous when it occurs in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Forty patients including HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (n\u00a0=\u00a015), HIV\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n (n\u00a0=\u00a015) and HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n (n\u00a0=\u00a010) subjects were enrolled in our study. All HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients were at acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) stage. Serum levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1, IFN\u2010\u03b3, IL\u20104, IL\u201013, IL\u20106, CXCL9, and CCL17 were quantified by ELISA. Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) loads were quantified by RT\u2010qPCR. CD4, CD8, Th1, Th2, TNF\u2010\u03b1\u2010CD8, and IFN\u2010\u03b3\u2010CD8 T cell populations were measured by flow cytometry. Levels of biochemical indexes in HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients were significantly different from in HIV\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.05). EBV and CMV viral loads were significantly higher in HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients, but not in HIV\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.05). Inflammatory cytokines TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IFN\u2010\u03b3 were significantly elevated in HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.05). Th2\/Th1 populations and TNF\u2010\u03b1 secreting or IFN\u2010\u03b3 secreting CD8\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cells, were significantly up\u2010regulated in HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients compared to HIV\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.05). Conversely, the CD4\/CD8 ratio was significantly down\u2010regulated in HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients compared to HIV\n \u2212<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.05). HIV infection confers distinct clinical phenotypes and immune inflammatory mechanisms in SDE. Sustained EBV and CMV activation, unbalanced Th2\/Th1 and overactive CD8\n +<\/jats:sup>\n T cells mediating a pro\u2010inflammatory response could act as distinct mechanisms in the aggravation of SDE in HIV\n +<\/jats:sup>\n SDE\n +<\/jats:sup>\n patients.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,28]],"date-time":"2020-01-28T17:21:07Z","timestamp":1580232067000},"page":"1005-1013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["HIV infection confers distinct mechanisms in severe drug eruption: Endogenous virus activation with aberrant Th2\/Th1 and CD8\n +<\/sup>\n T cells function"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0530-4703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun\u2010Ting","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venerology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Ye","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venerology First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV\/AIDS Third People's Hospital of Kunming Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV\/AIDS Third People's Hospital of Kunming Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rui\u2010Rui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Ping","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Kunming Medical University Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian\u2010Bo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venerology Second People's Hospital of Dali Dali China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1452-4388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi\u2010Qun","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming Medical University Kunming China"},{"name":"Scientific Research Laboratory Center First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370217733425"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-015-0540-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/1503709"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1545-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35938"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACI.0000000000000545"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2016.1147354"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw612"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-014-0690-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2017.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-018-0778-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.26209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6431694","article-title":"An 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